![Loading...](https://link.springer.com/static/c4a417b97a76cc2980e3c25e2271af3129e08bbe/images/pdf-preview/spacer.gif)
518 Result(s)
-
Article
Cells expressing preproenkephalin mRNA in the rat pineal gland are not serotonin-producing pinealocytes: Evidence usingin Situ hybridization combined with immunocytochemistry for serotonin
1. Preproenkephalin (PPEnk) mRNA expressing cells have been identified in rat pineal gland using radioactivein situ hybridization histochemistry.
-
Article
Multiple kinetic components of exocytosis distinguished by neurotoxin sensitivity
The secretion of synaptic and other vesicles is a complex process involving multiple steps. Many molecular components of the secretory apparatus have been identified, but how they relate to the different stage...
-
Article
Glial cell responses, complement and apolipoprotein J expression following axon injury in the neonatal rat
Immature motoneurons are highly susceptible to degeneration following axon injury. The response of perineuronal glia to axon injury may significantly influence neuronal survival and axon regeneration. We have ...
-
Article
Visual input induces long-term potentiation of develo** retinotectal synapses
Early visual experience is essential in the refinement of develo** neural connections. In vivo whole-cell recording from the tectum of Xenopus tadpoles showed that repetitive dimming-light stimulation applied t...
-
Article
Probing ion permeation and gating in a K+ channel with backbone mutations in the selectivity filter
Potassium channels selectively conduct K+ ions across cell membranes, and use diverse mechanisms to control their gating. We studied ion permeation and gating of an inwardly rectifying K+ channel by individually ...
-
Article
Role of the chemokine SDF-1 as the meningeal attractant for embryonic cerebellar neurons
Migration of neuronal precursor cells from the external germinal layer (EGL) to the internal granular layer (IGL) is a crucial process in the development of the mammalian cerebellar cortex. These cells make up...
-
Article
Differential regulation of synaptic and extra-synaptic NMDA receptors
A variety of processes limit NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor (NMDAR) activity in response to agonist exposure, including rundown—the decline of peak current with repeated, sustained agonist application1,2,3,
-
Article
Age-Related Changes in Cochlear Endolymphatic Potassium and Potential in CD-1 and CBA/CaJ Mice
The CD-1 mouse strain is known to have early onset of hearing loss that is progressive with aging. We sought to determine whether a disturbance of K+ homeostasis and pathological changes in the cochlear lateral w...
-
Article
Localization and Functional Studies of Pendrin in the Mouse Inner Ear Provide Insight About the Etiology of Deafness in Pendred Syndrome
Immunolocalization studies of mouse cochlea and vestibular end-organ were performed to study the expression pattern of pendrin, the protein encoded by the Pendred syndrome gene (PDS), in the inner ear. The protei...
-
Article
A novel model of motor learning capable of develo** an optimal movement control law online from scratch
A computational model of a learning system (LS) is described that acquires knowledge and skill necessary for optimal control of a multisegmental limb dynamics (controlled object or CO), starting from “knowing”...
-
Article
Pharmacological study of the novel compound FLZ against experimental parkinson’s models and its active mechanism
FLZ is a synthetic new derivative of squamosamide. Pharmacological study found that FLZ given orally improved the abnormal behavior caused by the functional disturbance of dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons ...
-
Article
bHLH genes and retinal cell fate specification
The various cell types in the vertebrate retina arise from a pool of common progenitors. The way that the cell types are specified has been a long-standing issue. Decades of research have yielded a large body ...
-
Article
Open AccessRole of spinal cord glutamate transporter during normal sensory transmission and pathological pain states
Glutamate is a neurotransmitter critical for spinal excitatory synaptic transmission and for generation and maintenance of spinal states of pain hypersensitivity via activation of glutamate receptors. Understa...
-
Article
Identification of Up-Regulated Genes After Complete Spinal Cord Transection in Adult Rats
Spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a cascade of events and these responses to injury are likely to be mediated and reflected by changes in mRNA concentrations. As a step towards understanding the complex mecha...
-
Article
Molecular approaches to brain asymmetry and handedness
The left and right hemispheres of the human brain have distinct functions: for example, the left is normally dominant for language and logical processing, wher...
-
Article
The virtue of simplicity
Multiple local motions must be combined to determine the direction of object motion, which is harder than it seems. A new paper proposes an elegant and simple solution to this problem, eminently realizable in ...
-
Article
Open AccessRecent advances in basic neurosciences and brain disease: from synapses to behavior
Understanding basic neuronal mechanisms hold the hope for future treatment of brain disease. The 1st international conference on synapse, memory, drug addiction and pain was held in beautiful downtown Toronto,...
-
Article
Open AccessInward currents induced by ischemia in rat spinal cord dorsal horn neurons
Hypoxia and ischemia occur in the spinal cord when blood vessels of the spinal cord are compressed under pathological conditions such as spinal stenosis, tumors, and traumatic spinal injury. Here by using spin...
-
Article
Open AccessGenetic knockout and pharmacologic inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase attenuate nerve injury-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in mice
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is a key enzyme for nitric oxide production in neuronal tissues and contributes to the spinal central sensitization in inflammatory pain. However, the role of nNOS in neur...
-
Article
Defining cortical frequency tuning with recurrent excitatory circuitry
Neurons in the recipient layers of sensory cortices receive excitatory input from two major sources: the feedforward thalamocortical and recurrent intracortical inputs. To address their respective functional r...