Abstract
Biomass growth, ginsenoside and polysaccharide production in different ginseng tissue cultures, including callus culture, adventitious root culture and hairy root culture, were studied, and the active component contents were compared with that of native ginseng roots. The adventitious root culture was confirmed to be a very nice system, which grew fast and contained a rather high content of ginsenosides. Then, the culture conditions of adventitious root culture were optimized. The results showed that salt strength, various sucrose concentrations, ammonia/nitrate ratios and phosphate concentrations had significant influences on adventitious roots growth, secondary metabolite and polysaccharide synthesis in ginseng. The best culture conditions for ginsenoside production seemed to be 0.75 salt strength Murashige and Skoog medium, 4% sucrose, 9 mM ammonia to 36 mM nitrate, and 1.25 mM phosphate, while the optimization for polysaccharide accumulation seemed to be 0.75 salt strength, 6% sucrose, 9 mM ammonia to 36 mM nitrate and 3.75 mM phosphate source. Appropriate conditions allowed for a maximum ginsenoside yield of up to 132.90 mg/L and polysaccharide yield of 407.63 mg/L to be obtained after 4 weeks of culture.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen JH, **e MY, Nie SP et al (2005) Determination of polysaccharides in Panax quinquefolium L. J Food Sci Biotechnol 24(5):72–76
Chen W, Guo XH, Gao WY et al (2006) Studies on in vitro culture of adventitious root in Salvia miltiorrhiza. China J Chin Materia Medica 31(17):1409–1412
Choi KT, Ahn IK, Park JC (1994) Production of ginseng saponin in tissue culture of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Russ J Plant Physiol 41:784–788
Fang CY (2005) The study of polysaccharide of ginseng cell cultured and natural ginseng [D]. Master’s Degree, Jilin University
Gao WY, Jia W, Duan HQ et al (2003) Industrialization of medicinal plant tissue culture. China J Chin Materia Medica 28:385–390 (in Chinese)
Guo XH, Gao WY, **ao PG (2005) Factors affecting root growth and metabolite production in Salvia miltiorrhiza adventitious root cultures. Minerva Biotechnol 17:133–140
Kim YS, Hahn EJ, Yeung EC, Paek EY (2003) Lateral root development and saponin accumulation as affected by IBA or NAA in adventitious root cultures of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 39:245–249
Kim JH, Chang EJ, Oh HI (2005) Saponin production in submerged adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng as affected by culture conditions and elicitors. Asia Pac J Mol Biol Biotechnol 13(2):87–91
Kronzucker HJ, Siddiqi MY, Glass ADM, Kirk GJD (1999) Nitrate-ammonium synergism in rice: a subcellular flux analysis. Plant Physiol 119:1041–1045
Langhansová L, Maršík P, Vanĕk T (2005) Production of saponins from Panax ginseng suspension and adventitious root cultures. Biol Plant 49(3):463–465
Liu S, Zhong JJ (1998) Phosphate effect on production of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide by cell suspension cultures of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium. Process Bioechem 33:69–74
Paek KY, Chakrabarty D, Hahn EJ (2005) Application of bioreactor systems for large scale production of horticultural and medicinal plants. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 81:287–300
Paek KY, Murthy HN, Hahn EJ, Zhong JJ (2008) Large scale culture of ginseng adventitious roots for production of ginsenosides. Adv Biochem Eng/Biotechnol. doi:10.1007/10_2008_31
Pinto G, Silva S, Park YS et al (2008) Factors influencing somatic embryogenesis induction in Eucalyptus globules Labill.: basal medium and anti-browning agents. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 95:79–88
Sivakumar G, Yu KW, Paek KY (2005) Production of biomass and ginsenosides from adventitious roots of Panax ginseng in bioreactor cultures. Eng Life Sci 5(4):333–342
Slightom JL, Mylene DT, Lise J et al (1986) Nucleotide sequence analysis of T-DNA of Agrobacterium rhizogenes agropine type plasmid identification of open reading frames. J Biol Chem 261(1):108–121
Wang J, Gao WY, Cao Y, Huang T (2009) Effects of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate sources on biomass and active components of suspension cells in Panax quinquefolium L. Chin Pharm J 44(11):815–818
Wu J, Zhong JJ (1999) Production of ginseng and its bioactive components in plant cell culture: current technological and applied aspects. J Biotechnol 68:89–99. doi:10.1016/S0168-1656(98)00195-3
Yu KW, Murthy HN, Hahn EJ, Paek KY (2005) Ginsenoside production by hairy root cultures of Panax ginseng: influence of temperature and light quality. Biochem Eng J 23:53–56. doi:10.1016/j.bej.2004.07.001
Zhang YH, Zhong JJ (1997) Hyperproduction of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide by high density cultivation of Panax notoginseng cells. Enzyme Microb Technol 21:59–63
Zhang YH, Zhong JJ, Yu JT (1995) Effect of osmotic pressure on cell growth and production of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide in suspension cultures of Panax notoginseng. Biotechnol Lett 17:1347–1350
Zhang YH, Zhong JJ, Yu JT (1996) Effect of nitrogen source on cell growth and production of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide in suspension cultures of Panax notoginseng. Biotechnol Prog 12:567–571
Zhao SJ, Li CY, Qian YC, Luo XP, Zhang X, Wang XS, Kang BY (2004) Induction of hairy roots of Panax ginseng and studies on suitable culture condition of ginseng hairy roots. Chin J Biotechnol 20:215–220
Zhou LG, Cao XD, Zhang RF, Peng YL, Zhao SJ, Wu JY (2007) Stimulation of saponin production in Panax ginseng hairy roots by two oligosaccharides from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Biotechnol Lett 29:631–634
Acknowledgments
This research was financially supported by China National Center for Biotechnology Development (2006BAI06A16-02).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by E. Lojkowska.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, T., Gao, W.Y., Wang, J. et al. Selection and optimization of a high-producing tissue culture of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Acta Physiol Plant 32, 765–772 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-010-0461-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-010-0461-6