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Intensity characteristics of hypergeometric-gaussian type II beams in maritime turbulence

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Abstract

In this study, the propagation characteristics of the Hypergeometric-Gaussian type II (HyGG-II) beam in a turbulent maritime atmosphere are investigated theoretically. Using the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral formula, the on-axis average intensity of these beams traveling through maritime turbulence is derived in closed-form under the Rytov method. Also, some special cases of average intensity of the HyGG-II beam are been extracted from the obtained results. The dependence of the on-axis intensity on the parameters of the incident HyGG-II beam and the turbulence strength has been determined. From typical numerical examples, it is shown that the HyGG-II beam loses its dark central spot, when its on-axis intensity reaches a limit value at certain propagation distance zmax, and after that the beam returns to its original hollow shape. For small constant strength turbulence, small parameter hollowness large initial beam waist size and large topological charge, the disappearance speed is slow. The obtained results can be used in the design of an optical wireless communication link design operating in marine atmosphere.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory LPNAMME, Laser Physics Group, Departments of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaïb Doukkali University, P.B 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco

    F. Khannous, S. Chib & A. Belafhal

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  1. F. Khannous
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  2. S. Chib
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  3. A. Belafhal
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. All authors performed simulations, data collection and analysis and commented the present version of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to A. Belafhal.

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Khannous, F., Chib, S. & Belafhal, A. Intensity characteristics of hypergeometric-gaussian type II beams in maritime turbulence. Opt Quant Electron 55, 1108 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05359-7

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