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Fluorescent nanoprobe for detection of naproxen based on doped carbon dots prepared in choline chloride-thiourea deep eutectic solvent

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Abstract

Choline chloride-thiourea deep eutectic solvent (DES) was prepared and used to microwave-assisted synthesis of nitrogen, sulfur, and chloride doped carbon dots (N, S, Cl-CDs). In this innovative approach, DES is a solvent and a do** agent. The synthesized carbon dots (CDs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The average size of N, S, Cl-CDs was 7 nm. The N, S, Cl-CDs had a quantum yield of 26.5% as the result of heteroatoms do** in CDs. The method was based on quenching of the fluorescence intensity by Fe3+ interaction with CDs and then N, S, Cl/CDs + Fe3+ system displayed a sensitive and selective turn-on fluorescence in the presence of naproxen. Linear range and detection limit for naproxen were 0.05–70 µM and 25 nM, respectively. Applicability of this nanoprobe was tested in naproxen determination in pharmaceutical tablets and the method was validated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The mechanism was also studied.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran

    Reza Tabaraki & Fereshteh Nazari

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  1. Reza Tabaraki
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  2. Fereshteh Nazari
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Correspondence to Reza Tabaraki.

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Tabaraki, R., Nazari, F. Fluorescent nanoprobe for detection of naproxen based on doped carbon dots prepared in choline chloride-thiourea deep eutectic solvent. J IRAN CHEM SOC 20, 1031–1038 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-022-02702-9

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