Abstract
Reinforced concrete (RC) rigid-frame bridges with tall hollow piers were widely constructed in Southwestern China, an earthquake-prone area. For such bridges, the seismic damages may be underestimated if multiple bends of tall piers are overlooked using a conventional damage measure such as the drift ratio. Moreover, the seismic damage assessment can be inaccurate if tall piers’ shear damages are ignored using the sectional curvature as a damage measure. Along these lines, this paper proposes a novel seismic damage measure, the piecewise drift ratio (PDR), involving both shear effects and multiple-bend deformations; it has been validated by hybrid tests and analyzed employing fragility curves. Damage state limits represented by the PDR are estimated through statistical analysis of the 40 existing tests of hollow piers. To validate the PDR, a finite element model of an RC rigid-frame bridge with two tall piers was established and adequately calibrated based on model-updating hybrid simulations. To comprehensively evaluate the PDR, ground motions were selected and grouped into four categories by identifying their first two-class nature frequency and their amplitude ratio; to determine fragility curves, both the spectral acceleration at the fundamental period with 5% dam**, Sa(T1, 5%), and the peak ground acceleration have been adopted as intensity measures. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed PDR, provide a more severe ground motion for assessment, and reveal the high exceedance probability of the complete damage state of tall piers under some potential seismic scenarios.
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Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51908384) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. LTGG23E080004, LTGG24E080003). This paper is also financed by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFB2600500), Basic Social Development Science and Technology Project (Grant No. S20220006, G2023038), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52078398). The fourth author acknowledges the Italian Ministry of Universities and Research (MUR) in the framework of the project DICAM-EXC (Departments of Excellence 2023-2027, grant L232/2016).
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Mei, Z., Liu, Y., Wu, B. et al. A measure for seismic multiple bends and shear damage patterns of RC rigid-frame bridge tall piers. Bull Earthquake Eng 22, 4609–4633 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-024-01914-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-024-01914-z