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Minimum Supervision Levels Required for Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Graduation by Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Program Directors
Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are “observable essential tasks expected to be performed by a physician for safe patient care in practice.” Six Pediatric Cardiology (PC) EPAs and their level of supe...
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Article
Virtually Delivered Psychosocial Intervention for Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital Heart Disease: Feasibility and Acceptability of HEARTPrep
Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) often leads to anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress in expectant mothers, with long-term implications for the child and family. However, psychosocial i...
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Article
Telehealth and Application of Appropriate Use Criteria for Pediatric Transthoracic Echocardiography
Appropriate use criteria (AUC) for the performance of outpatient transthoracic echocardiography are based on history, physical examination and electrocardiograms. Telehealth provides access to clinical care in...
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Article
High Output Cardiovascular Physiology and Outcomes in Fetal Diagnosis of Vein of Galen Malformation
Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a rare anomaly associated with poor outcomes from high output cardiac failure and neurologic complications. Studies addressing fetal cardiovascular status and ou...
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Article
Height Versus Body Surface Area to Normalize Cardiovascular Measurements in Children Using the Pediatric Heart Network Echocardiographic Z-Score Database
Normalizing cardiovascular measurements for body size allows for comparison among children of different ages and for distinguishing pathologic changes from normal physiologic growth. Because of growing intere...
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Article
Abnormalities in Left Ventricular Rotation Are Inherent in Young Children with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot and Are Independent of Right Ventricular Dilation
Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in older children and adults with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rToF). Pulmonary regurgitation (PR), right ventricular (RV) dilation, and...
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Article
Validation of Right Atrial Area as a Measure of Right Atrial Size and Normal Values of in Healthy Pediatric Population by Two-Dimensional Echocardiography
Right atrial (RA) size is a prognostic indicator for heart failure and cardiovascular death in adults. Data regarding use of RA area (RAA) by two-dimensional echocardiography as a surrogate for RA size and all...
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Article
Feature Tracking-Derived Peak Systolic Strain Compared to Late Gadolinium Enhancement in Troponin-Positive Myocarditis: A Case–Control Study
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) assesses myocardial involvement in myocarditis (MYO). Current techniques are qualitative, subjective, and prone to interpretation error. Feature tracking (FT) analyzes myocardi...
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Article
Application of Virtual Three-Dimensional Models for Simultaneous Visualization of Intracardiac Anatomic Relationships in Double Outlet Right Ventricle
Our goal was to construct three-dimensional (3D) virtual models to allow simultaneous visualization of the ventricles, ventricular septal defect (VSD) and great arteries in patients with complex intracardiac ...
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Article
Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking-Derived Segmental Peak Systolic Longitudinal Strain Identifies Regional Myocardial Involvement in Patients with Myocarditis and Normal Global Left Ventricular Systolic Function
The presence of myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in concert with electrocardiography and elevated biomarkers helps support the diagnosis of acute myocard...
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Article
Applicability of Published Guidelines for Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Adults to Children with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy: An Observational Study
Guidelines for diagnosis and grading of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in children have not been established. The applicability of adult parameters of DD to children has been questioned by recent studies. Although...
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Article
Prevalence of Associated Extracardiac Malformations in the Congenital Heart Disease Population
The authors hypothesized that changes in prenatal factors such as termination of pregnancy for fetal anomalies and prenatal vitamin supplementation have altered the epidemiology of patients with multiple cong...
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Article
Changing Prevalence of Severe Congenital Heart Disease: A Population-Based Study
Although the epidemiology of congenital heart disease (CHD) has been described, the authors believe changes in prenatal factors such as termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly and prenatal vitamin supplemen...
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Article
Incidences and Sociodemographics of Specific Congenital Heart Diseases in the United States of America: An Evaluation of Hospital Discharge Diagnoses
Current estimates of the incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) are derived from small clinical studies and metaanalyses. For the true incidence of CHD in the United States of America to be estimated, a s...
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Article
Fetal Diagnosis of Left-Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy in Identical Twins With Discordant Congenital Heart Disease
Left-ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is characterized by prominent myocardial trabeculae with deep intratrabecular recesses. Associated with ventricular dysfunction, LVNC can present in isolation or in conjun...
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Article
Subpulmonary Stenosis Assessed in Midtrimester Fetuses With Tetralogy of Fallot: A Novel Method for Predicting Postnatal Clinical Outcome
This study aimed to determine whether quantification of subpulmonary stenosis (SPS) in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in the second-trimester fetus can predict postnatal clinical outcome measured by pulmonary valve...
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Article
Comparison Between Proximal Thoracic Vascular Measurements Obtained by Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography and by Transthoracic Echocardiography in Infants and Children With Congenital Heart Disease
Accurate assessment of the proximal thoracic vasculature in infants and children with congenital heart disease (CHD) is vital for deciding the appropriate surgical or interventional procedure and predicting ou...
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Article
Outcomes of Mitral Regurgitation Associated With Large Ventricular Septal Defect and a Normal Mitral Valve Apparatus: Does Intact Atrial Septum Have an Impact?
The hemodynamics of isolated large ventricular septal defect with an intact atrial septum results in greater mitral valve (MV) annular dilation and an increased incidence of mitral regurgitation (MR). MR will ...
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Article
Utility of Doppler Tissue Imaging-Derived Indices in Identifying Subclinical Systolic Ventricular Dysfunction in Children With Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is characterized by irreversible diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of impaired ventricular contracti...
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Article
Congenital Muscular Ventricular Septal Aneurysm: Report of Four Cases and Review of the Literature
We describe a rare association between congenital muscular ventricular septal aneurysm (MuVSA) and right heart lesions, with emphasis on echocardiographic diagnosis, clinical presentation, and outcome. Our fou...