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Article
Open AccessConcordance between SARS-CoV-2 index individuals and their household contacts on index individual COVID-19 transmission cofactors: a comparison of self-reported and contact-reported information
Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, several clinical trials have evaluated postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) among close contacts of an index individual with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Because...
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Article
Open AccessBarriers, Facilitators, and Strategies to Improve Participation of a Couple-Based Intervention to Address Women’s Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Couple-based interventions (CBIs), despite strong efficacy in improving numerous HIV risk behaviors, are not widely available and have not been tested to improve women’s antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence....
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Article
Open AccessDurability of single-dose HPV vaccination in young Kenyan women: randomized controlled trial 3-year results
Cervical cancer burden is high where prophylactic vaccination and screening coverage are low. We demonstrated in a multicenter randomized, double-blind, controlled trial that single-dose human papillomavirus (...
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Open AccessResults of a cluster randomized trial testing the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach to increase cervical cancer screening in family planning clinics in Mombasa County, Kenya
Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Kenyan women. Integrating cervical cancer screening into family planning (FP) clinics is a promising strategy to improve health for reproductive-aged wom...
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Open AccessImplementation and scale-up of a single-visit, screen-and-treat approach with thermal ablation for sustainable cervical cancer prevention services: a protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial in Kenya
An important cervical cancer prevention strategy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has been single-visit screen-and-treat (SV-SAT) approach, using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and ablativ...
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Article
Open AccessFrequency of HIV serodifferent couples within TB-affected households in a setting with a high burden of HIV-associated TB
Strong epidemiological links between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) may make household TB contact investigation an efficient strategy for HIV screening and finding individuals in sero...
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Article
Open AccessA cross-sectional study of the prevalence, barriers, and facilitators of cervical cancer screening in family planning clinics in Mombasa County, Kenya
Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. With appropriate screening and treatment, cervical cancer can be prevented. In Kenya, cervical cancer screening is recommended for all women of ...
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Article
Open AccessThe cost of implementing the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach for a cluster randomized trial integrating HIV testing into family planning services in Mombasa County, Kenya
Although HIV testing in family planning (FP) clinics is a promising approach for engaging women in HIV treatment and prevention services, HIV testing rates are low in FP clinics in Kenya. In 2018, a cluster ra...
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Open AccessAssessing the sustainability of the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach to increase HIV testing in family planning clinics in Mombasa, Kenya: results of a cluster randomized trial
In Kenya, HIV incidence is highest among reproductive-age women. A key HIV mitigation strategy is the integration of HIV testing and counseling (HTC) into family planning services, but successful integration r...
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Open AccessQualitative evaluation of the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach as a strategy to increase HIV testing in family planning clinics using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Implementation Outcomes Framework
Significant gaps remain in HIV testing and counseling (HTC) in family planning (FP) clinics. To address these gaps, our group tested an implementation strategy called the Systems Analysis and Improvement Appro...
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Article
Open AccessImplementation of a fully remote randomized clinical trial with cardiac monitoring
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged researchers performing clinical trials to develop innovative approaches to mitigate infectious risk while maintaining rigorous safety monitoring.
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Article
Open AccessUndisclosed Antiretroviral Therapy Use at Primary Health Care Clinics in Rural KwaZulu Natal South Africa: A DO-ART Trial Sub-study
Accurate reporting of antiretroviral therapy (ART) uptake is crucial for measuring the success of epidemic control. Programs without linked electronic medical records are susceptible to duplicating ART initiat...
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Article
Open AccessSingle-dose HPV vaccination efficacy among adolescent girls and young women in Kenya (the KEN SHE Study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
HPV infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer, a leading cause of cancer among women in Kenya and many sub-Saharan African countries. High coverage of HPV vaccination is a World Health Organization pri...
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Open AccessLow costs and opportunities for efficiency: a cost analysis of the first year of programmatic PrEP delivery in Kenya’s public sector
In 2017, the Kenyan Ministry of Health integrated provision of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) into public HIV-1 care clinics as a key component of the national HIV-1 prevention strategy. Estimates of the cost...
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Open AccessThe Community PrEP Study: a randomized control trial leveraging community-based platforms to improve access and adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa—study protocol
HIV incidence among South African adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) remains high, but could be reduced by highly effective pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Unfortunately, AGYW report significant barriers...
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Article
Open AccessRisk compensation after HIV-1 vaccination may accelerate viral adaptation and reduce cost-effectiveness: a modeling study
Pathogen populations can evolve in response to selective pressure from vaccine-induced immune responses. For HIV, models predict that viral adaptation, either via strain replacement or selection on de novo mut...
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Article
Open AccessPulmonary tuberculosis screening in anti-retroviral treated adults living with HIV in Kenya
People living with HIV (PLHIV) who reside in high tuberculosis burden settings remain at risk for tuberculosis disease despite treatment with anti-retroviral therapy and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT). The...
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Article
Open AccessMoving fast but going slow: coordination challenges for trials of COVID-19 post-exposure prophylaxis
An unprecedented volume of research has been generated in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there are risks of inefficient duplication and of important work being impeded if efforts are not synchroni...
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Article
Open AccessEfficacy of hydroxychloroquine for post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among adults exposed to coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Primary Objective
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Open AccessPerformance of family planning clinics in conducting recommended HIV counseling and testing in Mombasa County, Kenya: a cross-sectional study
A high proportion of African women utilize family planning (FP) services. Accordingly, incorporating HIV testing into FP services may strategically target the first WHO 90–90-90 goal of 90% of people living wi...
