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Article
Open AccessFactors associated with exclusive breastfeeding by maternal HIV status: a population-based survey in Kenya
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the first six months remains low globally, despite known benefits of lower morbidity and mortality among breastfed infants. It is important to understand factors associated wit...
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Article
Open AccessKey informant views on potential acceptability and feasibility of long-acting antiretroviral treatment for HIV in Kenya
In 2020, 14% of diagnosed persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Kenya were not taking antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 19% of those on ART had unsuppressed viral loads. Long-acting antiretroviral therapy (LA-ART)...
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Article
Open AccessRisk factors of adverse birth outcomes among a cohort of pregnant women in Coastal Kenya, 2017–2019
Adverse birth outcomes particularly preterm births and congenital anomalies, are the leading causes of infant mortality globally, and the burden is highest in develo** countries. We set out to determine the ...
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Article
Open AccessSelecting implementation strategies to improve implementation of integrated PrEP for pregnant and postpartum populations in Kenya: a sequential explanatory mixed methods analysis
There is a higher risk for HIV acquisition during pregnancy and postpartum. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended during this period for those at high risk of infection; integrated delivery in materna...
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Article
Open AccessElevated binding and functional antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in infants versus mothers
Infant antibody responses to viral infection can differ from those in adults. However, data on the specificity and function of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in infants...
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Article
Open AccessFertility Desire and Associations with Condomless Sex, Antiretroviral Adherence, and Transmission Potential in a Cohort of Kenyan Women Living with HIV in Sero-discordant Relationships: A Mixed Methods Study
For women living with HIV (WLH) in serodiscordant partnerships, decisions about childbearing can challenge condom use and antiretroviral adherence. In a prospective cohort of 148 WLH in serodiscordant partners...
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Article
Open AccessComparison of methods to engage diverse stakeholder populations in prioritizing PrEP implementation strategies for testing in resource-limited settings: a cross-sectional study
There is a lack of consensus about how to prioritize potential implementation strategies for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery. We compared several prioritization methods for their agreement and pra...
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Article
Open AccessRandomized controlled trial of a theory-informed mHealth intervention to support ART adherence and viral suppression among women with HIV in Mombasa, Kenya: preliminary efficacy and participant-level feasibility and acceptability
Mobile Health (“mHealth”) interventions have shown promise in improving HIV treatment outcomes for stigmatized populations. This paper presents the findings from a randomized controlled trial to assess the eff...
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Article
Open AccessThe cost of implementing the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach for a cluster randomized trial integrating HIV testing into family planning services in Mombasa County, Kenya
Although HIV testing in family planning (FP) clinics is a promising approach for engaging women in HIV treatment and prevention services, HIV testing rates are low in FP clinics in Kenya. In 2018, a cluster ra...
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Article
Open AccessPerinatal depression and its impact on infant outcomes and maternal-nurse SMS communication in a cohort of Kenyan women
Perinatal depression is broadly defined as depressive symptoms during pregnancy or within the 12 months following delivery, affecting approximately 20–25% of pregnant and postpartum women in low- and middle-in...
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Article
Open AccessPrevalence of microcephaly and Zika virus infection in a pregnancy cohort in Kenya, 2017–2019
Zika virus (ZIKV), first discovered in Uganda in 1947, re-emerged globally in 2013 and was later associated with microcephaly and other birth defects. We determined the incidence of ZIKV infection and its asso...
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Article
Properties of high-density silica fume-based gel and its potential use in high-temperature lubricants and geopolymer binders
In the present study, un-densified silica fume was reacted with a 10 M sodium hydroxide solution to produce the sodium silicate gel having a pH of 14. The calorimetry of the reaction was evaluated. The gel was...
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Article
Open AccessPrevalence and correlates of periodontitis among Kenyan women planning to conceive
Periodontitis has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Little is known about the burden and risk factors for periodontitis among reproductive age women in sub-Saharan Africa. This analysis aimed to...
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Article
Open AccessIntegrating PrEP delivery in public health family planning clinics: a protocol for a pragmatic stepped wedge cluster randomized trial in Kenya
Adolescent girls and young women account for a disproportionate fraction of new HIV infections in Africa and are a priority population for HIV prevention, including provision of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)...
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Article
Derivation of an HIV Risk Score for African Women Who Engage in Sex Work
No tool exists to stratify HIV risk in contemporary African female sex worker (FSW) populations. Data from a cohort of HIV-negative FSWs in Mombasa, Kenya from 2010 to 2017 were used to conduct a survival anal...
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Article
Open AccessPulmonary tuberculosis screening in anti-retroviral treated adults living with HIV in Kenya
People living with HIV (PLHIV) who reside in high tuberculosis burden settings remain at risk for tuberculosis disease despite treatment with anti-retroviral therapy and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT). The...
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Article
Open AccessFinite element modelling of interlocking stabilized laterite soil block walls
This study sought to use the stress–strain relationship of interlocking stabilized soil block (ISSB) masonry to model its behaviour and develop empirical formulae to aid in predicting its compressive strength....
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Article
Psychosocial Factors, Condomless Sex, and Detectable Viral Load in HIV-Positive Women in Serodiscordant Couples in Nairobi, Kenya
This prospective study of HIV-positive Kenyan women in serodiscordant couples examined relationships between psychosocial factors, viral suppression, and condomless sex. Participants were screened for alcohol ...
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Article
Open AccessReaching hard-to-reach men through home-based couple HIV testing among pregnant women and their male partners in western Kenya: a qualitative study
Globally only 79% of adults living with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) know their status and men in sub-Saharan Africa are considered a particularly hard-to-reach population for HIV testing. Home-based HIV...
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Article
Open AccessUtilizing perspectives from HIV-infected women, male partners and healthcare providers to design family planning SMS in Kenya: a qualitative study
Short message service (SMS) presents an opportunity to expand the reach of care and improve reproductive health outcomes. SMS could increase family planning (FP) use through education, support and demand gener...
