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Article
CCL2 Potentiates Inflammation Pain and Related Anxiety-Like Behavior Through NMDA Signaling in Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Previous studies have shown that the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is widely expressed in the nervous system and involved in regulating the development of chronic pain and related anxiety-like behaviors,...
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Article
Peripheral BDNF Regulates Somatosensory–Sympathetic Coupling in Brachial Plexus Avulsion-Induced Neuropathic Pain
Brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) is a combined injury involving the central and peripheral nervous systems. Patients with BPA often experience severe neuropathic pain (NP) in the affected limb. NP is insensitive...
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Article
Open AccessPresynaptic NMDARs on spinal nociceptor terminals state-dependently modulate synaptic transmission and pain
Postsynaptic NMDARs at spinal synapses are required for postsynaptic long-term potentiation and chronic pain. However, how presynaptic NMDARs (PreNMDARs) in spinal nociceptor terminals control presynaptic plas...
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Article
Tweety-Homolog 1 Facilitates Pain via Enhancement of Nociceptor Excitability and Spinal Synaptic Transmission
Tweety-homolog 1 (Ttyh1) is expressed in neural tissue and has been implicated in the generation of several brain diseases. However, its functional significance in pain processing is not understood. By disrupt...
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Article
Open AccessCCL2 facilitates spinal synaptic transmission and pain via interaction with presynaptic CCR2 in spinal nociceptor terminals
Previous studies have shown that CCL2 may cause chronic pain, but the exact mechanism of central sensitization is unclear. In this article, we further explore the presynaptic role of CCL2. Behavioral experimen...
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Article
Open AccessSpinal CCL2 Promotes Pain Sensitization by Rapid Enhancement of NMDA-Induced Currents Through the ERK-GluN2B Pathway in Mouse Lamina II Neurons
Previous studies have shown that CCL2 (C–C motif chemokine ligand 2) induces chronic pain, but the exact mechanisms are still unknown. Here, we established models to explore the potential mechanisms. Behaviora...
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Article
Spinal CCL2 Promotes Central Sensitization, Long-Term Potentiation, and Inflammatory Pain via CCR2: Further Insights into Molecular, Synaptic, and Cellular Mechanisms
Mounting evidence supports an important role of chemokines, produced by spinal cord astrocytes, in promoting central sensitization and chronic pain. In particular, CCL2 (C–C motif chemokine ligand 2) has been ...
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Article
Open AccessGastrodin protects against chronic inflammatory pain by inhibiting spinal synaptic potentiation
Tissue injury is known to produce inflammation and pain. Synaptic potentiation between peripheral nociceptors and spinal lamina I neurons has been proposed to serve as a trigger for chronic inflammatory pain. ...
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Article
Open Accessβ-arrestin-2 regulates NMDA receptor function in spinal lamina II neurons and duration of persistent pain
Mechanisms of acute pain transition to chronic pain are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate an active role of β-arrestin 2 (Arrb2) in regulating spinal cord NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function and the duratio...
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Article
Open AccessUpregulation of Ih expressed in IB4-negative Aδ nociceptive DRG neurons contributes to mechanical hypersensitivity associated with cervical radiculopathic pain
Cervical radiculopathy represents aberrant mechanical hypersensitivity. Primary sensory neuron’s ability to sense mechanical force forms mechanotransduction. However, whether this property undergoes activity-d...
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Article
Open AccessA role for Kalirin-7 in nociceptive sensitization via activity-dependent modulation of spinal synapses
Synaptic plasticity is the cornerstone of processes underlying persistent nociceptive activity-induced changes in normal nociceptive sensitivity. Kalirin-7 is a multifunctional guanine-nucleotide-exchange fact...
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Article
Effects of temperature on control performance of magnetically levitated planar actuators
During the operation of magnetically levitated planar actuators (MLPAs), the temperature of current coils is rising and the resistance varies in proportion, thus changing the current loop’s gain and directly a...