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Article
A balanced evaluation of the evidence for adult neurogenesis in humans: implication for neuropsychiatric disorders
There is a widespread belief that neurogenesis exists in adult human brain, especially in the dentate gyrus, and it is to be maintained and, if possible, augmented with different stimuli including exercise and...
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Article
Open AccessThe nexus of vitamin homeostasis and DNA synthesis and modification in mammalian brain
The purpose of this review is to discuss the implications of the 2009 discovery of the sixth deoxyribonucleoside (dN) [5-hydroxymethyldeoxycytidine (hmdC)] in DNA which is the most abundant in neurons. The con...
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Article
Open AccessSustained choroid plexus function in human elderly and Alzheimer’s disease patients
We and other investigators have postulated deterioration of essential choroid plexus (CP) functions in some elderly and especially Alzheimer’s disease patients based on apparent anatomical, histological and pa...
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Article
Vectorial Ligand Transport Through Mammalian Choroid Plexus
In the last decade, there has been substantial progress in understanding vectorial ligand transport through rodent and human choroid plexus (CP), the locus of the blood-CSF interface. In this Review, we enumer...
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Article
Open AccessChoroid plexus failure in the Kearns-Sayre syndrome
The Kearns-Sayre syndrome is a mitochondrial disorder (generally due to mitochondrial DNA deletions) that causes ophthalmoplegia, retinopathy, ataxia and brain abnormalities such as leukoencephalopathy. In thi...
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Article
The Origin of Deoxynucleosides in Brain: Implications for the Study of Neurogenesis and Stem Cell Therapy
Detection of DNA synthesis in brain employing (3H)thymidine ((3H)dT) or bromo deoxyuridine (BrdU) is widely used as a measure of the “birth” of cells in brain development, adult neurogenesis and neuronal stem cel...
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Article
Micronutrient and Urate Transport in Choroid Plexus and Kidney: Implications for Drug Therapy
With application of molecular biology techniques, there has been rapid progress in understanding how many drugs and micronutrients (e.g., vitamins) are transferred across the choroid plexus (CP), the main tran...
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Article
Effect of Dietary Protein on Renal Tubular Clearance of Drugs in Humans
Diet is one of many factors that influence the pharmacokinetics of drugs. The level of protein intake has been found to significantly influence drug metabolism and glomerular filtration, both of which play an ...
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Article
Biotin transport and metabolism in the central nervous system
The mechanisms by which biotin enters and leaves brain, choroid plexus and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were investigated by injecting [3H]biotin either intravenously or intraventricularly into adult rabbits. [3H]bi...
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Article
Hypoxanthine transport through the blood-brain barrier
The unidirectional influx of hypoxanthine across cerebral capillaries, the anatomical locus of the blood=brain barrier, was measured with an in situ rat brain perfusion technique employing [3H]hypoxanthine. Hypox...
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Article
Transport of quinolinic acid into rabbit and rat brain
The transport metabolism of [3H]quinolinic acid in the central nervous system of rabbits and rats were studied. In vitro [3H]quinolinic acid was not readily accumulated by isolated choroid plexus. After the intra...
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Article
Niacinamide transport through the blood-brain barrier
The unidirectional influx of niacinamide across cerebral capillaries, the anatomical locus of the blood-brain barrier, was measured with an in situ rat brain perfusion technique employing [14C]niacinamide. Niacin...
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Article
Purine and pyrimidine base and nucleoside concentrations in human cerebrospinal fluid and plasma
Purine and pyrimidine base and nucleoside levels were determined in adult human lumbar (CSF) and plasma by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Guanine, thymine, cytosine and uracil we...
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Article
Determination of ribonucleosides, deoxyribonucleosides, and purine and pyrimidine bases in adult rabbit cerebrospinal fluid and plasma
Purine and pyrimidine base and nucleoside levels were measured in adult rabbit cisternal CSF and plasma by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The concentrations of bases, nucleosides, and n...
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Article
Identification and partial characterization of rabbit brain deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphatase
Adult rabbit brain contains the enzymatic machinery to convert deoxyuridine to deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP). Although dUTP as dUMP can be readily incorporated into DNA in place of thymidine monophosphate, ...
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Article
No effect of maternal niacin defficiency on niacin metabolism in newborn brain
The effects of maternal niacin and tryptophan deficiency on: (1) total niacin levels and (2) niacinnamide entry into brain, blood, and liver of newborn rabbits were studied. The deficient maternal diet produce...
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Article
Partial purification and characterization of a folatebinding protein from human choroid plexus
A folate-binding protein (binder) from human choroid plexus was solubilized with Triton X-100 and partially purified in three steps: (1) affinity chromatography, (2) Sephadex G-200 column chromatography, and (...
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Chapter
The Distribution of Drugs in the Central Nervous Sytem
The relative exclusion of many drugs from the central nervous system (CNS) is generally attributed to the blood-brain and blood- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barriers. In the past, this phenomenon was more or les...
