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  1. No Access

    Chapter

    Skin Diseases Caused by Factors from the Environment

    Members of the order Diptera, the family Culicidae, mosquitoes are vectors for the transmission of many diseases worldwide. There are over 3000 different species of mosquitoes, which grouped into more than 40 ...

    Lei Ma, Min Chen, Zhenzong Fa, Weihua Pan, Wanqing Liao… in Practical Immunodermatology (2017)

  2. No Access

    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Testing the Neupert Effect

    The Neupert effect is commonly interpreted as evidence that the energetic electrons causing the hard X-ray flare emission are the main source of heating and mass supply of the soft X-ray emitting hot coronal l...

    A.M. Veronig, J.C. Brown, B.R. Dennis, R.A. Schwartz, L. Sui… in Solar Magnetic Phenomena (2005)

  3. No Access

    Chapter and Conference Paper

    X-Ray and HαEmission of the 20 Aug 2002 Flare*

    An analysis of the August 20, 2002 flare using RHESSI, Hα, and radio observations is presented. Radio data in the decimetric frequency range showed a type IIId (relativistic) burst at the time of the X-ray maximu...

    J. Kašparová, M. Karlický, R.A. Schwartz, B.R. Dennis in Solar Magnetic Phenomena (2005)

  4. No Access

    Chapter

    RHESSI Observation of Atmospheric Gamma Rays from Impact of Solar Energetic Particles on 21 April 2002

    The RHESSI high-resolution spectrometer detected γ-ray lines and continuum emitted by the Earth’s atmosphere during impact of solar energetic particles in the south polar region from 16:00–17:00 UT on 21 April 20...

    G. H. Share, R. J. Murphy, B. R. Dennis… in The Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectr… (2003)

  5. No Access

    Chapter

    The RHESSI Imaging Concept

    The Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) observes solar hard X-rays and gamma-rays from 3 keV to 17 MeV with spatial resolution as high as 2.3 arc sec. Instead of focusing optics, imag...

    G. J. Hurford, E. J. Schmahl, R. A. Schwartz… in The Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectr… (2003)

  6. No Access

    Chapter

    RHESSI Data Analysis Software: Rationale and Methods

    The Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) performs imaging spectroscopy of the Sun with high spatial and spectral resolution from 3 keV to 17 MeV using indirect Fourier-transform techni...

    R. A. Schwartz, A. Csillaghy, A. K. Tolbert… in The Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectr… (2003)

  7. No Access

    Article

    RHESSI Observation of Atmospheric Gamma Rays from Impact of Solar Energetic Particles on 21 April 2002

    The RHESSI high-resolution spectrometer detected γ-ray lines and continuum emitted by the Earth's atmosphere during impact of solar energetic particles in the south polar region from 16:00–17:00 UT on 21 April...

    G.H. Share, R.J. Murphy, B.R. Dennis, R.A. Schwartz, A.K. Tolbert… in Solar Physics (2002)

  8. No Access

    Article

    The RHESSI Imaging Concept

    The Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) observes solar hard X-rays and gamma-rays from 3 keV to 17 MeV with spatial resolution as high as 2.3 arc sec. Instead of focusing optics, imag...

    G.J. Hurford, E.J. Schmahl, R.A. Schwartz, A.J. Conway, M.J. Aschwanden… in Solar Physics (2002)

  9. No Access

    Article

    RHESSI Data Analysis Software: Rationale and Methods

    The Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) performs imaging spectroscopy of the Sun with high spatial and spectral resolution from 3 keV to 17 MeV using indirect Fourier-transform techni...

    R.A. Schwartz, A. Csillaghy, A.K. Tolbert, G.J. Hurford, J. Mc Tiernan… in Solar Physics (2002)

  10. No Access

    Article

    Gamma-Ray Line Observations of the 2000 July 14 Flare and SEP Impact on the Earth

    The HXS and GRS detectors on Yohkoh observed the 14 July 2000, X5.7 flare, beginning at ∼ 10:20 UT, ∼ 4 min before the peak in soft X-rays. The hard X-rays and γ-rays peaked ∼ 3 min later at ∼ 10:27 UT. Solar γ-r...

    G.H. Share, R.J. Murphy, A.J. Tylka, R.A. Schwartz, M. Yoshimori, K. Suga… in Solar Physics (2001)

  11. No Access

    Article

    Correlated fast time structures at millimeter waves and hard X-rays during a solar burst

    We present an analysis of the time profiles detected during a solar impulsive flare, observed at one-millimeter radio frequency (48 GHz) and in three hard X-ray energy bands (25–62, 62–111, and 111–325 keV) wi...

    P. Kaufmann, G. Trottet, C.G. Giménez de Castro, J.E.R. Costa… in Solar Physics (2000)

  12. No Access

    Chapter

    Magnetic Field Structure and Accelerated Electrons in a Gradual Microwave/Hard X-ray Flare

    We have studied a flare (GOES class: M2.3) on the west limb (H- alpha: N18, W78) on 1993 March 23 using microwave (17GHz) and Soft X-ray imaging data and also hard X-ray spectrum data. This flare has typical p...

    H. Nakajima, R. A. Schwartz in Magnetodynamic Phenomena in the Solar Atmosphere (1996)

  13. No Access

    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Color Doppler Imaging for Assessment of Arterial Anatomy in Congenital Skeletal Foot Deformity

    The etiology of congenital skeletal dysplasia remains unknown. There has been speculation that a concurrent relationship exists between the skeletal anomaly and the well-documented coinciding arterial dysgenes...

    R. A. Schwartz, D. Kerns, M. Fillinger in The Clubfoot (1994)

  14. No Access

    Chapter and Conference Paper

    A Comparison of Arteriographic and Doppler Techniques in Evaluating the Abnormal Arterial Patterns in Talipes Equinovarus

    Since the etiology of clubfoot (CTEV) is unknown, there has been recent interest in the frequency of arterial dysgenesis in limbs exhibiting congenital idiopathic clubfoot. Arteriographic studies performed in ...

    R. J. Crider Jr., D. R. Hootnick, D. S. Packard Jr., E. M. Levinsohn… in The Clubfoot (1994)

  15. No Access

    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Comprehensive experience on intraplaque hemorrhage of the carotid artery

    Gross and histologic analyses of 78 carotid endarterectomy specimens removed from 71 patients showed intraplaque hemorrhage (subintimal hemorrhage) and necrosis in 74 (94.8%); all but 3 were symptomatic. In 66...

    Dr. E. D. Cacayorin, L. Hochhauser… in Proceedings of the XIV Symposium Neuroradi… (1991)

  16. No Access

    Article

    Flare fragmentation and type III productivity in the 1980 June 27 flare

    We present observations of the solar flare on 1980 June 27, 16:14–16:33 UT, which was observed by a balloon-borne 300 cm2 phoswich hard X-ray detector and by the IKARUS radio spectrometer. This flare shows intens...

    M. J. Aschwanden, A. O. Benz, R. A. Schwartz, R. P. Lin, R. M. Pelling… in Solar Physics (1990)

  17. No Access

    Chapter

    Particle Acceleration

    Electrons and ions are accelerated to high energies before, during and after the impulsive phase of flares. The presence of high energy particles at the Sun during a solar flare is inferred from the observed e...

    L. Vlahos, M. E. Machado, R. Ramaty, R. J. Murphy… in Energetic Phenomena on the Sun (1989)

  18. No Access

    Chapter

    Immunotherapy of Skin Cancer and Other Neoplasms Involving the Skin

    Various studies have demonstrated that the induction of delayed hypersensitivity reactions at tumor sites results in selective reactions against premalignant and malignant epidermal lesions (Helm and Klein, 19...

    E. Klein, G. Hahn, R. W. Case, J. A. Solomon, R. A. Schwartz… in Immunodermatology (1981)

  19. No Access

    Article

    Low-energy Cosmic Rays from Pulsar Flares?

    THE remarkable and unexpected increase in the pulsation rate1–3 of PSR 0833–45 (refs. 4 and 5) has obvious significance for models of the pulsar time-kee** mechanism. What may not be quite so apparent is that t...

    P. A. FELDMAN, J. I. SILK, R. A. SCHWARTZ in Nature (1969)