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Article
Open AccessMicrobial-derived imidazole propionate links the heart failure-associated microbiome alterations to disease severity
Interactions between the gut microbiota, diet, and host metabolism contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, but a firm link between disease-specific gut microbiota alterations and circulating m...
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Article
Open AccessHealthy Nordic diet and associations with plasma concentrations of metabolites in the choline oxidation pathway: a cross-sectional study from Northern Sweden
The choline oxidation pathway and metabolites involved have been linked to diseases including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer. A healthy Nordic diet is a recently defined dietary pattern ass...
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Article
Open AccessA cross-sectional study of inflammatory markers as determinants of circulating kynurenines in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium
Circulating concentrations of metabolites (collectively called kynurenines) in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism increase during inflammation, particularly in response to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)...
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Article
Open AccessSerum concentrations of amino acids and tryptophan metabolites are affected by consumption of a light breakfast: a clinical intervention study in adults with overweight or obesity
Epidemiological studies often investigate amino acids and their metabolites as biomarkers, but do not always consistently use fasting or non-fasting blood samples, or may lack information on the prandial statu...
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Article
Open AccessAssociations between plasma kynurenines and cognitive function in individuals with normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: the Maastricht Study
Studies investigating associations between kynurenines and cognitive function have generally been small, restricted to clinical samples or have found inconsistent results, and associations in the general adult...
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Article
Open AccessEpidemiology of 40 blood biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation, and renal and endothelial function among cancer-free older adults
Imbalances of blood biomarkers are associated with disease, and biomarkers may also vary non-pathologically across population groups. We described variation in concentrations of biomarkers of one-carbon metabo...
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Article
Open AccessCreatinine, total cysteine and uric acid are associated with serum retinol in patients with cardiovascular disease
We hypothesized that biomarkers and dietary factors related to cardiovascular disease risk were associated with serum retinol and evaluated these potential associations in patients with suspected coronary arte...
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Article
Open AccessSmoking in pregnancy, cord blood cotinine and risk of celiac disease diagnosis in offspring
Ecological observations suggest an inverse relationship between smoking in pregnancy and celiac disease (CD) in offspring. While individual-level analyses have been inconsistent, they have mostly lacked statis...
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Article
Maternal and infant vitamin B12 status during infancy predict linear growth at 5 years
Many children worldwide have poor vitamin B12 status. The objective of this study was to estimate association between maternal and infant vitamin B12 status and long-term growth.
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Open AccessThe kynurenine:tryptophan ratio as a predictor of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in individuals with coronary artery disease
The tryptophan metabolite kynurenine has potent immune modulatory and vasoactive properties. Experimental data implicate kynurenine in obesity-related morbidities. Epidemiological studies are, however, sparse....
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Article
Open AccessTryptophan catabolism and immune activation in primary and chronic HIV infection
Kynurenine/Tryptophan ratio (KTR) is increased in HIV infection, and linked to immune activation. We hypothesized that early cART initiation results in lower KTR compared to late initiation. Furthermore, we hy...
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Article
Associations between intake of fish and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and plasma metabolites related to the kynurenine pathway in patients with coronary artery disease
Enhanced tryptophan degradation via the kynurenine pathway has been related to several pathological conditions. However, little is known about the effect of diet on individual metabolites of this pathway. We i...
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Article
Serum B6 vitamers (pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, pyridoxal, and 4-pyridoxic acid) and pancreatic cancer risk: two nested case–control studies in Asian populations
Vitamin B6 is an important enzymatic cofactor in pathways relevant for the development of pancreatic cancer. In order to evaluate vitamin B6 as a preventive factor for pancreatic cancer, a biomarker approach is n...
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Article
Open AccessMaternal smoking impacts key biological pathways in newborns through epigenetic modification in Utero
Children exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy exhibit increased risk for many adverse health effects. Maternal smoking influences methylation in newborns at specific CpG sites (CpGs). Here, we extend e...
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Article
Open AccessMaternal plasma folate impacts differential DNA methylation in an epigenome-wide meta-analysis of newborns
Folate is vital for fetal development. Periconceptional folic acid supplementation and food fortification are recommended to prevent neural tube defects. Mechanisms whereby periconceptional folate influences n...
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Article
Riboflavin status modifies the effects of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) polymorphisms on homocysteine
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), riboflavin-dependent enzymes, participate in homocysteine metabolism. Reported effects of riboflavin status on the associat...
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Article
Umbilical choline and related methylamines betaine and dimethylglycine in relation to birth weight
Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality for the newborn and risk of chronic disease in adulthood. Choline plays an essential role in the integrity of cell membranes, methyla...
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Article
Nested Case-Control Study of One-Carbon Metabolites in Mid-Pregnancy and Risks of Cleft Lip With and Without Cleft Palate
Evidence exists for an association between use of vitamin supplements with folic acid in early pregnancy and reduced risk for offspring with cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CLP). A few observations have b...
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Article
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in the Maternal and Fetal Circulation in Preeclampsia
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth. Endothelial dysfunction is the common final pathway leading to clinical signs of preeclampsia including hypertension and pr...
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Functional inference of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C > T and 1298A > C polymorphisms from a large-scale epidemiological study
Two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms, 677C > T and 1298A > C have been described for the methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR) gene. Both are associated with reduced enzyme activity in vitro. For the 677...
