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Article
New aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes APH(3′)-VIII and APH(3′)-IX in Acinetobacter rudis and Acinetobacter gerneri
Analysis of whole-genome sequences of 133 strains of Acinetobacter detected two genes for new types of aminoglycoside 3′-O-phosphotransferase [APH(3′)], type VIII in Acinetobacter rudis and IX in A. gerneri. The ...
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Article
To the rescue of old drugs
A naturally occurring fungal compound has been found to restore the susceptibility of bacteria to a class of antibiotic that is currently considered to be our last defence against serious infections. See Article
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Chapter
Glycopeptide Resistance
Glycopeptides such as vancomycin and teicoplanin are active against clinically important Gram-positive pathogens. They act by binding, in a noncovalent fashion, to the C-terminal D-alanine-D-alanine dipeptide ...
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Article
Tackling antibiotic resistance
The increasing levels of antibiotic resistance observed in clinical isolates, coupled with a lack of new drugs coming through the development pipeline, make the problem of antibiotic resistance a global crisis...
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Chapter
Glycopeptide Resistance in Enterococci
Enterococci are part of the normal intestinal fl ora of humans and various animals. They are found in the feces of a high proportion of healthy adults. Enterococci are able to grow in variable environmental co...
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Article
New plasmid-mediated resistances to antimicrobial agents
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Article
Glycopeptide Antibiotics
Vancomycin and teicoplanin are still the only glycopeptide antibiotics available for use in humans. Emergence of resistance in enterococci and staphylococci has led to restriction of their use to severe infect...
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Article
Functional gene transfer from intracellular bacteria to mammalian cells
We provide evidence of direct transfer of functional DNA from bacteria to mammalian cells. An Escherichia coli K12 diaminopimelate auxotroph made invasive by cloning the invasin gene from Yersinia pseudotuberculo...
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Chapter
Enterococcus faecalis
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Article
Evolution of structure and substrate specificity ind-alanine:d-Alanine ligases and related enzymes
Thed-alanine:d-alanine-ligase-related enzymes can have three preferential substrate specificities. Usually, these enzymes synthesized-alanyl-d-alanine. In vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, structurally...
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Article
A new example of physical linkage between Tn1 and Tn21: the antibiotic multiple-resistance region of plasmid pCFF04 encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamase TEM-3
The genetic environment of plasmid-borne bla TEM mutant genes, encoding nine distinct TEM-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases, was studied in transconjugants from clinical isolates of enterobacteria. Colony hybri...
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Article
The VANA glycopeptide resistance protein is related to d-alanyl-d-alanine ligase cell wall biosynthesis enzymes
Inducible resistance to the glycopeptide antibiotics vancomycin and teicoplanin is mediated by plasmid pIP816 in Enterococcus faecium strain BM4147. Vancomycin induced the synthesis of a ca. 40 kDa membrane-assoc...
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Article
Nucleotide sequence of the ends of the conjugative shuttle transposon Tn1545
The conjugative shuttle transposon Tn1545 from Streptococcus pneumoniae transposes in various gram-positive bacterial genera following self-transfer and in Escherichia coli after cloning. Analysis of the junction...
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Article
Nucleotide sequence of the kanamycin resistance determinant of the pneumococcal transposon Tn1545: Evolutionary relationships and transcriptional analysis of aphA-3 genes
The nucleotide sequence of the kanamycin resistance determinant aphA-3 encoded by transposon Tn1545 from Streptococcus pneumoniae was determined and compared to those of plasmids pJH1 and pIP1433 from Streptococc...
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Article
Tn1545: A conjugative shuttle transposon
Tn1545, from Streptococcus pneumoniae BM4200, confers resistance to kanamycin (aphA-3), erythromycin (ermAM) and tetracycline (tetM). The 25.3 kb element is self-transferable to various Gram-positive bacterial ge...
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Article
Transposable multiple antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
A mobile genetic element, designated Tn1545, was detected in the chromosome of Streptococcus pneumoniae BM4200, a clinical isolate multiply resistant to antibiotics. The 25.3 kb element conferred resistance to ka...
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Article
DNA sequences specifying the transcription of the streptococcal kanamycin resistance gene in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis
The gene conferring resistance to kanamycin, aphA, and originating from the streptococcal plasmid pJH1 was inserted into a shuttle vector. Full expression of aphA was obtained in Escherichia coli and Bacillus sub...
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Article
Tn1525, a kanamycin R determinant flanked by two direct copies of IS15
We have isolated plasmid pIP112 (IncI1) from Salmonella panama and characterized by restriction endonucleases analysis and by recombinant DNA techniques a transposable element designated Tn1525. This 4.44 kilobas...
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Article
IS15, a new insertion sequence widely spread in R plasmids of gram-negative bacteria
We have shown that the IS15 element, first detected in Salmonella ordonez and previously designated IS1522 (Labigne-Roussel et al. 1981), could transpose, with an approximate frequency of 5x10-5, to various sites...
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Article
Translocation of sequences encoding antibiotic resistance from the chromosome to a receptor plasmid in Salmonella ordonez
Salmonella ordonez strain BM2000 carries kanamycin (Km), ampicillin (Ap), spectinomycin (Sp), chloramphenicol (Cm), tetracyline (Tc), and sulfonamide (Su) resistance and production of colicin Ib (Cib). The Km an...
