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Article
Role of the cGAS–STING pathway in systemic and organ-specific diseases
Cells are equipped with numerous sensors that recognize nucleic acids, which probably evolved for defence against viruses. Once triggered, these sensors stimulate the production of type I interferons and other...
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Article
Open AccessThe early local and systemic Type I interferon responses to ultraviolet B light exposure are cGAS dependent
Most systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are photosensitive and ultraviolet B light (UVB) exposure worsens cutaneous disease and precipitates systemic flares of disease. The pathogenic link between ski...
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Article
Open AccessInnate and adaptive immune responses to dead and dying cells
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Article
Open AccessB-lymphocyte stimulator/a proliferation-inducing ligand heterotrimers are elevated in the sera of patients with autoimmune disease and are neutralized by atacicept and B-cell maturation antigen-immunoglobulin
B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family that regulate B-cell maturation, survival, and function. They are overexpressed ...
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Article
Shining light on lupus and UV
People exposed to sunlight can develop erythema, DNA damage, and photoimmunosupression. Extended exposure of normal epidermis to sunlight will induce dysmorphic keratinocytes with pyknotic nuclei scattered thr...
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Article
Apoptosis in the effector phase of autoimmune diabetes, multiple sclerosis and thyroiditis
The immune system is unusual in two respects. It produces billions of new cells daily that traffic throughout the body and cells within the system proliferate rapidly following exposure to an infectious agent....