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Chapter and Conference Paper
Atmospheric Contribution to Eutrophication of the Baltic Sea
Nitrogen and phosphorus are two main nutrients responsible for eutrophication of the Baltic Sea. Almost all phosphorus is entering the sea via rivers, whereas 20–30% of nitrogen is deposited from the air. Ther...
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Article
Modelling Environmental Impacts of Cesium-137 Under a Hypothetical Release of Radioactive Waste
Waste tanks at the nuclear facility located at Sellafield, UK, represent a nuclear source which could release radionuclides to the atmosphere. A model chain which combines atmospheric transport, deposition as ...
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Article
Open AccessContribution of Poland to Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition to the Baltic Sea
Poland is the second most important emission source after Germany in contributing atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the Baltic Sea basin. The main sectors contributing to reactive nitrogen emissions from Poli...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Worst Case Meteorological Scenario for Norway in Case of an Accident in Sellafield Nuclear Site
Consequences for Norway in case of a hypothetical accident in Sellafield nuclear site have been of concern for Norwegian authorities for some time now. A 33-year period with meteorological data and the dispers...
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Chapter
Environmental Impacts—Atmospheric Chemistry
This chapter addresses sources and trends of atmospheric and deposition in relation to the Baltic Sea region. Air pollution is shown to have important effects, including significant contributions to nitrogen...
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Chapter
Coupling of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting: Progress and Plans at met.no
Air quality modelling at met.no consists of three different systems, all in off-line coupling to our numerical weather prediction models. For emergency purposes we have the “Severe Nuclear Accident Program” (S...
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Chapter
Uncertainty in the Future Nitrogen Load to the Baltic Sea Due to Uncertain Meteorological Conditions
The Norwegian Meteorological Institute has a long-term project with HELCOM Commission for regular calculation of annual atmospheric deposition of nitrogen to the Baltic Sea. In 2005, the institute received an ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Analysis of Atmospheric Transport of Radioactive Debris Related to Nuclear Bomb Tests Performed at Novaya Zemlya
Tropospheric transport calculations of debris from nuclear bomb tests in the atmosphere at Novaya Zemlya in October 1958 and November 1962 have been performed and compared with daily measured radioactivity in ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Long-Range Transport of Large Particles Released During a Nuclear Accident
In case of a nuclear accident such as an explosion or a fire in a nuclear power plant, a significant part of the refractory radionuclides is emitted to the atmosphere in the form of particulate matter. Existin...
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Chapter
Influence of Non-Linear Effects on Source-Receptor Matrices and Their Policy Oriented Applications to Emission Reduction in Europe
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Chapter
Climatological Trajectory Analysis for Potential Accidents at the Kola Nuclear Power Plant
Norwegian Authorities have for a long time been concerned with different aspects of the safety at nuclear installations in former Soviet Union. As a result, Report to Norwe-gian Parliament, nu 34 for 1993 – 19...
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Chapter
Long-Range Transport of Lead and Cadmium in Europe Results of the Model Simulation for the 1985 – 1995 Period
In 1994, the UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) proposed that the future work on heavy metals should concentrate on priority elements: Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, As and Se with particular focus on the fi...
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Chapter
Mesoscale Modeling of Transport and Deposition of Heavy Metals in Southern Poland
The Katowice province in southern Poland experiences serious air pollution problems including deposition of heavy metals which is among the highest in Europe (Bartnicki et al. 1996; Olendrzyński et al., 1996)....
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Article
Computing atmospheric transport and deposition of heavy metals over Europe: Country budgets for 1985
The Heavy Metal Eulerian Transport (HMET) model has been used to calculate the exchange of As, Cd, Pb and Zn between European countries in 1985. The model was run separately for each emitter country and the co...
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Chapter
Long-Term Atmospheric Transport and Deposition of Heavy Metals in Central Europe
The so-called “Black Triangle” (BT) region covers the southern part of the former German Democratic Republic, south-western Poland and the northern part of Bohemia (Czech Republic). The BT, together with the h...
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Chapter
Severe Nuclear Accident Program (SNAP) a Real Time Dispersion Model
The Chernobyl nuclear accident in April/May 1986 showed that Norway was not well prepared for this kind of emergency situation1. Scientists who had relevant information felt frustrated because there was no clear ...
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Article
An Eulerian model for atmospheric transport of heavy metals over Europe: Model description and preliminary results
This paper presents the Heavy Metals Eulerian Transport (HMET) model and simulation results for Europe for 1985. The HMET model takes into account emission, atmospheric transport and deposition of As, Cd, Pb a...
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Chapter
Model Simulation of the Atmospheric Input of Trace Metals into the North, Baltic, Mediterranean and Black Seas
Since the middle of this century, energy generation, industrial production and transportation have caused serious environmental contamination by trace elements including heavy metals. The rate of contamination...
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Chapter
Results from a Climatological Model of Heavy Metals in Europe’s Atmosphere
There is increasing observational evidence that heavy metals’ air emissions cause not only local contamination, but also travel long distances in Europe and contribute to widespread, although low-level, contam...
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Chapter
Modeling Heavy Metals in Europe’s Atmosphere: A Combined Trajectory-Climatologic Approach
The long range transport of heavy metals in the atmosphere leads to low but steady deposition of heavy metals into soils, lakes and forests in Europe. Although their atmospheric fluxes are low, these metals ca...
