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Article
Endophytic community of Pb-Zn hyperaccumulator Arabis alpina and its role in host plants metal tolerance
Endophytes benefit host plants by increasing biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. The aims of this study were to evaluate endophytic community (EC) of Arabis alpina, a Pb-Zn hyperaccumulator and investigate role ...
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Article
Functions, mechanisms and regulation of endophytic and epiphytic microbial communities of plants
Over the past several decades, we have come to appreciate that healthy plants host, within and on the surfaces of their tissues, endophytic and epiphytic fungi and bacteria that do not cause disease. Individua...
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Article
Effect of bacterial endophyte on expression of defense genes in Indian popcorn against Fusarium moniliforme
An endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. subtilis was isolated from surface sterilized seedlings of tropical corn. To evaluate the hypothesis that this endophyte is defensive in nature and determine the me...
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Article
Open AccessNitrogen acquisition in Agave tequilana from degradation of endophytic bacteria
Plants form symbiotic associations with endophytic bacteria within tissues of leaves, stems and roots. It is unclear whether or how plants obtain nitrogen from these endophytic bacteria. Here we present eviden...
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Chapter
A Functional View of Plant Microbiomes: Endosymbiotic Systems That Enhance Plant Growth and Survival
Over the past several decades, it has become clear that numerous nonpathogenic or weakly pathogenic microbes inhabit plants both internally and externally. The challenge for plant biologists who study endophyt...
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Article
Open AccessA proposed mechanism for nitrogen acquisition by grass seedlings through oxidation of symbiotic bacteria
In this paper we propose and provide evidence for a mechanism, oxidative nitrogen scavenging (ONS), whereby seedlings of some grass species may extract nitrogen from symbiotic diazotrophic bacteria through oxi...
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Article
Endophytic and pathogenic fungi of develo** cranberry ovaries from flower to mature fruit: diversity and succession
Culturable fungal population diversity and succession was investigated in develo** cranberry ovaries of fruit rot-resistant and rot-susceptible cranberry selections, from flower through mature fruit. Fungi w...
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Article
Taxonomic placement of Epichloë poae sp. nov. and horizontal dissemination to seedlings via conidia
A new Epichloë species distributed in Africa, Europe, North America and South America on host genera Bromus, Festuca, Lolium and Poa is described. Stromata, characteristic of the genus, frequently occurred on the...
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Article
Occultocarpon, a new monotypic genus of Gnomoniaceae on Alnus nepalensis from China
Microfungi in the Gnomoniaceae (Diaporthales, Ascomycetes) comprise species commonly reported as pathogens and endophytes on trees and herbaceous hosts primarily from temperate forests of North America, Europe...
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Article
Diversity and distribution of Neotyphodium-infected grasses in Argentina
In the present work, we studied the presence of “epichloë/neotyphodium endophytes” in native grasses from Argentina. An extensive area of this country, representative of several different environments, was stu...
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Chapter
Symbioses and Stress
The “living together of unlike organisms” in symbiosis implies the confrontation of different physiological properties and ecological preferences. To be successful, organisms in association need to resolve the...
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Chapter
Grass Endophyte-Mediated Plant Stress Tolerance: Alkaloids and Their Functions
The Family Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) includes saprotrophic and symbiotic species associated with insects and fungi (Cordyceps spp.) or grasses, rushes and sedges (Balansia spp., Epichloë spp., Cla...
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Chapter
Developmental Interactions Between Clavicipitaleans and Their Host Plants
Clavicipitalean fungi have evolved to survive as saprophytes, degrading organic material, as well as biotrophs of plants, fungi, nematodes, and insects. They have become particularly successful as epibionts an...
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Article
Chaunopycnis pustulata sp. nov., a new clavicipitalean anamorph producing metabolites that modulate potassium ion channels
Two morphologically similar strains of hyphomycetous fungi, MF5785 and MF5638, produced potent indole diterpene antagonists of the calcium-gated potassium ion channel, Maxi-K, and a diterpene blocker (nalantha...
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Chapter
The Mysterious Interrelationships Between Fungi and Plants: The Case of Endosymbionts
The three major groups of terrestrial fungi (Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Zygomycetes) are believed to have evolved from a member of the aquatic group Chytridiomycetes that associated with terrestrial plan...
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Chapter
Use of Natural and Transformed Endophytes for Turf Improvement
Plants and other organisms have developed many diverse and wondrous mechanisms to survive, adapt, and thrive in ever changing and often stressful environments. Our ability to understand, appreciate, and utiliz...
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Chapter
Systematics of the Graminicolous Clavicipitaceae
The family Clavicipitaceae (Ascomycotina) is important since it contains many species that are biotrophic associates of other organisms. Some species of Clavicipitaceae are obligate parasites of insects (e.g.,...
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Article
Molecular phylogenetic relationships of nonpathogenic grass mycosymbionts and clavicipitaceous plant pathogens
Acremonium sect.Albo-lanosa (Fungi Imperfecti) includes beneficial, endophytic mycosymbionts of various grasses of the subfamilyPooideae, and also the anamorph of the grass choke pathogen,Epichloë typhina (Clavi...
