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  1. No Access

    Chapter and Conference Paper

    H:LiNbO3 AND H:LiTaO3 PLANAR OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES: FORMATION AND CHARACTERIZATION

    This paper summarizes the results of our systematic study of PE and APE planar waveguides in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3. We focused on the optical and structural characterization of PE layers formed on Z-cut substrates. T...

    I. Savova, I. Savatinova in Frontiers in Planar Lightwave Circuit Technology (2006)

  2. No Access

    Article

    Relaxation of Raman polarisation rules in H:LiNbO3

    We study the influence of hydrogen diffusion on the Raman spectra of highly protonated LiNbO3 waveguides. Vibrations in the lowest frequency range (30–150 cm-1) in various scattering configurations are reported. ...

    I. Savova, P. Kircheva, I. Savatinova in Applied Physics A (2005)

  3. No Access

    Article

    Raman characterization of H:LiNbO3 waveguides

    In this work we present polarized Raman measurements of z-cut multimode H:LiNbO3 waveguides in the κi- and βi-phase states. A spectrum with unexpected form and behaviour, originating from the layer at the very su...

    I. Savova, I. Savatinova, P. Kircheva, E. Liarokapis in Applied Physics B (2001)

  4. No Access

    Article

    Metastable phases in HxLi1-xTaO3 waveguide layers and pure LiTaO3

    The formation of high-temperature phases in low-doped H:LiTaO3 waveguide layers in Z-cut LiTaO3 has been observed both by refractive-index and IR-spectra measurements. This permits us to correlate the index jumps...

    V.V. Atuchin, D. Dimova-Malinovska, T.I. Grigorieva, I.E. Kalabin… in Applied Physics B (2001)

  5. No Access

    Article

    Proton-exchange influence on the polar phonons of LiTaO3 optical waveguides

    Refractive index change and Raman scattering of Z-cut proton-exchanged LiTaO3 optical waveguides with different composition have been studied. Probing of the waveguide depth was carried out by using micro-Raman s...

    I. Savatinova, I. Savova, C.C. Ziling, V. Atuchin in Applied Physics A (2000)

  6. No Access

    Article

    Evidence of different β-phases in highly protonated z-cut H:LiNbO3 waveguides by raman scattering

    waveguides is demonstrated by the Raman scattering technique. Multimode waveguides have been produced by using pyrophosphoric, benzoic, and diluted benzoic acids as a proton source. The proton-exchanged (PE) ...

    I. Savatinova, S. Tonchev, E. Liarokapis, M.N. Armenise, M. Armenise in Applied Physics A (1999)

  7. No Access

    Chapter

    Rb:KTP Optical Waveguides

    KTi0PO4 (KTP) has unique nonlinear and electrooptic properties, very attractive for a variety of applications in the field of nonlinear and integrated optics. At room temperature, it has a ferroelectric structure...

    I. Savatinova, I. Savova, E. Liarokapis… in Advanced Photonics with Second-Order Optic… (1998)

  8. No Access

    Chapter

    Soliton-Based Logic Gates and Soliton Transmission Systems

    This chapter provides access to basic envelope solitons concepts, the motivation for their study in the area of electromagnetic wave transmission and, finally, the elements underpinning the proposed use for so...

    A. D. Boardman, R. Putman, K. **e… in Advanced Electronic Technologies and Syste… (1997)

  9. No Access

    Chapter

    Waveguide Mach-Zehnder Intensity Modulator produced via Proton Exchange Technology in LiNbO3

    Guided-wave Mach-Zehnder intensity modulators are key elements for a variety of applications in optical communications. They usually present a broad operation band and low drive voltages. Two general ways for ...

    S. Tonchev, B. Yordanov, M. Kuneva… in Devices Based on Low-Dimensional Semicondu… (1996)

  10. No Access

    Chapter

    Electrooptic Effect in Proton Exchanged LiNbO3 Waveguides

    Most of the electrooptic guided-wave devices in lithium niobate utilise the r33 electrooptic coefficient. The devices made by using proton exchange (PE) process have indicated that their experimental efficiency i...

    I. Savatinova, S. Tonchev, M. N. Armenise in Fabrication, Properties and Applications o… (1995)

  11. No Access

    Article

    Raman scattering and phase state of H:LiTaO3 waveguide thin films

    Raman scattering of optical waveguides formed by proton-exchange in lithium tantalate is studied. The effect of a post-exchange annealing up to 420°C on the optical properties and Raman spectra are also invest...

    I. Savatinova, S. Tonchev, M. Kuneva, E. Liarokapis in Applied Physics A (1994)

  12. No Access

    Article

    Phase transition study of H:LiNbO3 waveguides by Raman spectroscopy

    New results on Raman spectra of protonated LiNbO3 are reported in order to clarify the structural and compositional changes in waveguide layers during proton exchange and post-exchange annealing processes. Sample...

    I. Savatinova, S. Tonchev, M. Kuneva in Applied Physics A (1993)

  13. No Access

    Article

    A planar electrooptic beam splitter/modulator with a pair of parallel electrodes

    A new planar electrooptic beam splitter with a pair of parallel electrodes is proposed and its characteristics are demonstrated on LiNbO3. At a voltage up to 80 V and a 9.5 μm electrode separation, the two output...

    I. Savatinova, S. Tonchev in Applied Physics A (1985)

  14. No Access

    Article

    Electrooptic waveguide switch using total internal reflection

    An optical switching experinteml Based; ob the electrooptic control of total internal reflection of light in a Ti/LiNbO3 planar waveguide is reported The device uses a refractive index gap, formed by only applyin...

    I. Savatinova, S. Tonchev in Applied Physics A (1983)

  15. No Access

    Article

    Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides

    Various experiments on Ti diffused optical waveguides in LiNbO3 have been carried out in order to determine precisely the character of the diffusion process. The required guide parameters and the effective mode i...

    L. Tsonev, I. Savatinova, P. Simova in Applied physics (1981)

  16. No Access

    Article

    Propagation characteristics of Ag+ ion-exchanged stripe waveguides

    A detailed experimental study of stripe waveguides formed by Ag+/Na ion-exchange has been carried out. Propagation constants were precisely measured by excitation of single output pq-lines. The resulting data all...

    P. Simova, I. Savatinova, L. Tsonev in Applied physics (1980)

  17. No Access

    Article

    Losses in diffused optical waveguides

    It has been shown that the attenuation characteristics of TE modes in diffused waveguides are different from those of a conventional slab. A simple semiempirical analysis is performed on the base of a ray-opti...

    I. Savatinova, P. Simova, L. Tsonev in Applied physics (1979)

  18. No Access

    Article

    Determination of refractive index profiles in diffused optical waveguides

    An improved method for the reconstruction of diffused waveguide index profiles from experimental mode spectra is proposed. The method uses a parabolic approximation between successive points. It is tested on t...

    I. Savatinova, E. Nadjakov, L. Mashev in Applied physics (1977)

  19. No Access

    Article

    Lightguiding in ion-exchanged glasses

    A comparison is made of different Gaussian refractive index distributions in waveguides formed by thermal diffusion of silver ions into glass. Guides prepared for various diffusion times are investigated. It i...

    I. Savatinova in Applied physics (1976)

  20. No Access

    Article

    Modes in diffused optical waveguides (parabolic and Gaussian models)

    A simple analytical description of diffused optical waveguides by a Gaussian refractive index profile is proposed and compared to a parabolic one. Propagation constants and fields are obtained in terms of well...

    I. Savatinova, E. Nadjakov in Applied physics (1975)

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