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Article
Unexpected anti-tumor effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors followed by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
The abscopal effect has recently attracted much attention because this effect is enhanced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, little is known about the association between induction of the abscopa...
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Effects on survival of the adverse event of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study by the Japan Red Cross Liver Study Group
This study aimed to describe the real-world efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This retrospective analys...
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Article
Open AccessPivotal role for S-nitrosylation of DNA methyltransferase 3B in epigenetic regulation of tumorigenesis
DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) catalyze methylation at the C5 position of cytosine with S-adenosyl-l-methionine. Methylation regulates gene expression, serving a variety of physiological and pathophysiological ro...
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Article
Inflammatory prognostic factors in advanced or recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab
In Japan, nivolumab administration is the standard treatment for patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who are refractory or intolerant to fluoropyrimidines...
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Article
Optimal threshold of alpha-fetoprotein response in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) response (relative decline in AFP) is associated with imaging response evaluated by response evaluation criteria in solid tumors ver1.1 (RECIST) and survival in treatment for hepatocell...
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Article
Open AccessMutational spectrum of hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C determined by single molecule real-time sequencing
The emergence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) with resistance-associated substitution (RAS), produced by mutations in the HCV genome, is a major problem in direct acting antivirals (DAA) treatment. This study aimed...
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Article
Open AccessAuthor Correction: DNA methyltransferase 3B plays a protective role against hepatocarcinogenesis caused by chronic inflammation via maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis
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Article
Open AccessDNA methyltransferase 3B plays a protective role against hepatocarcinogenesis caused by chronic inflammation via maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis
Most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) develop on the basis of chronic hepatitis, but the mechanism of epigenetic regulation in inflammatory hepatocarcinogenesis has yet to be elucidated. Among de novo DNA meth...
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Article
Open AccessDetectable HBV DNA during nucleos(t)ide analogues stratifies predictive hepatocellular carcinoma risk score
Nucleos(t)ide analogs (NA) suppress hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, NA cannot suppress carcinogenesis completely in patients with chronic hep...
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Article
Open AccessMicrosatellite instability and immune checkpoint inhibitors: toward precision medicine against gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary cancers
Recent innovations in the next-generation sequencing technologies have unveiled that the accumulation of genetic alterations results in the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells. Accurate and timely...
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Article
Frequent mutations that converge on the NFKBIZ pathway in ulcerative colitis
Chronic inflammation is accompanied by recurring cycles of tissue destruction and repair and is associated with an increased risk of cancer1–3. However, how such cycles affect the clonal composition of tissues, p...
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Article
Comprehensive analysis of genetic aberrations linked to tumorigenesis in regenerative nodules of liver cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrently develops in cirrhotic liver containing a number of regenerative nodules (RNs). However, the biological tumorigenic potential of RNs is still unclear. To uncover the m...
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Article
Open AccessExpansion of viral variants associated with immune escape and impaired virion secretion in patients with HBV reactivation after resolved infection
HBV reactivation could be induced under immunosuppressive conditions in patients with resolved infection. This study aimed to clarify the viral factors associated with the pathogenesis of HBV reactivation in a...
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Evolving Immunotherapy Approaches for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious therapeutic challenge, with poor prognosis. Therapeutic options for HCC are limited, particularly for the patients at advanced stage who are not eligible for curativ...
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Article
Open AccessEvolution of multi-drug resistant HCV clones from pre-existing resistant-associated variants during direct-acting antiviral therapy determined by third-generation sequencing
Resistance-associated variant (RAV) is one of the most significant clinical challenges in treating HCV-infected patients with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). We investigated the viral dynamics in patients rec...
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Article
Open AccessCorrection: Corrigendum: Modelling mutational landscapes of human cancers in vitro
Scientific Reports 4: Article number: 4482; published online: 27 March 2014 updated: 16 January 2017. In this Article, an additional affiliation for Hana Huskova was omitted. The correct affiliations for this ...
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Chapter
Helicobacter pylori-Mediated Genetic Instability and Gastric Carcinogenesis
Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important cause of human gastric cancer worldwide. Gastric cancer develops over a long time after H. pylori infection via stepwise accumulation of genetic altera...
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Article
Genetic basis of hepatitis virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: linkage between infection, inflammation, and tumorigenesis
Hepatitis virus infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although anti-viral therapies against hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C viru...
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Article
Open AccessModelling mutational landscapes of human cancers in vitro
Experimental models that recapitulate mutational landscapes of human cancers are needed to decipher the rapidly expanding data on human somatic mutations. We demonstrate that mutation patterns in immortalised ...
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Article
Enhanced expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in human gastric mucosa infected by Helicobacter pylori and its decrease following eradication
Recent studies have shown important roles for activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), an intrinsic genome mutator, in H. pylori-associated gastric cancer development. Here, we evaluated the relationship betw...
