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Article
Association between body weight of newborn rats and density of serotonin transporters in the frontal cortex at adulthood
Persisting alterations in monoaminergic innervation patterns have been observed following various environmental manipulations and neuro-psychopharmacological treatments during fetal or early postnatal life. Th...
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Article
The sleep-improving effects of doxepin are paralleled by a normalized plasma cortisol secretion in primary insomnia
In primary care, sedating antidepressants are often used for treating insomnia, although their underlying sleep-promoting mechanisms are only incompletely understood. Since enhanced evening and nocturnal plasm...
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Chapter
Effect of Continuous Melatonin Infusions on Steady-State Plasma Melatonin Levels, Metabolic Fate and Tissue Retention in Rats Under Near Physiological Conditions
The fate and disposition of melatonin released into the circulation is still poorly understood, and almost all current knowledge is derived from measurements made after one single, often very large dose of lab...
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Chapter
Nocturnal Melatonin Secretion and its Modification by Treatment in Patients with Sleep Disorders
Data on the circadian melatonin secretion in sleep disordered patients and effects of sleep medication on melatonin are still missing. We studied plasma melatonin concentration, sleep, and effects of some hypn...
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Chapter
Acute Regulation and Long-Term Modulation of Presynaptic Serotonin Output
This contribution summarizes the present knowledge about the mechanisms involved in the regulation of presynaptic serotonin release. Under conditions of a permanently altered environmental, (psychosocial, drug...
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Article
No evidence for a physiological coupling between melatonin and glucocorticoids
Much has been speculated about the existence of a physiological coupling between melatonin and glucocorticoid secretion and about a possible anti-stress action of melatonin. We examined the relationship betwe...
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Article
Long-term modulation of presynaptic 5-HT-output: Experimentally induced changes in cortical 5-HT-transporter density, tryptophan hydroxylase content and 5-HT innervation density
Whereas experimentally induced long-term changes of postsynaptic mechanisms of 5-HT neurotransmission have been studied in great detail, much less is currently known about the effects of certain treatments on ...
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Article
Causes and consequences of the loss of serotonergic presynapses elicited by the consumption of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”) and its congeners
The massive and prolonged stimulation of serotonin (5-HT)-release and the increased dopaminergic activity are responsible for the acute psychomimetic and psychostimulatory effects of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamp...
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Article
Rat strain differences in the vulnerability of serotonergic nerve endings to neurotoxic damage by p-chloroamphetamine
Substituted amphetamines are known to selectively destroy serotonin (5-HT) nerve endings in distant projection fields of the dorsal raphe nuclei and the systemic administration of these drugs is widely used in...
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Chapter
Melatonin in Insomniac Patients and Effects of Sleep Medication
Sleep complaints, especially difficulties in initiating and/or maintaining sleep, are wide-spread in industrial countries and sleep complaints often lead to chronic insomnia (Holzrichter et al., 1994, in press...
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Chapter
Melatonin Measurements in Tissues
The important role of melatonin in mediating photoperiodic information is now well established. The occurrence of melatonin and a broad spectrum of metabolic and physiological effects of this hormone has been ...
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Chapter
Platelet Serotonin Acts as a Locally Releasable Antioxidant
It has long been noticed that serotonin (5-HT) is readily oxidized under various conditions to give colored, but poorly identified products. Examples are the enzymatic oxidation of 5-HT by peroxidaseoxidases (...
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Article
The contribution of extrapineal sites of melatonin synthesis to circulating melatonin levels in higher vertebrates
While the production of melatonin in higher vertebrates occurs in other organs and tissues besides the pineal, the contribution of extrapineal sites of melatonin synthesis such as the retina, the Harderian gla...
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Article
Effect of transient reduction of cerebral blood flow in normotensive rats on striatal dopamine-release
Bilateral Clam** of both Carotid Arteries (BCCA) in normotensive rats is known to cause a transient reduction in cerebral blood flow. Using in vivo transstriatal microdialysis and HPLC/ECD we measured the re...
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Article
The metabolic fate of infusedl-tryptophan in men: possible clinical implications of the accumulation of circulating tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites
l-Tryptophan (Trp) was widely used as a natural tool for the support of serotonin-mediated brain functions and as a challenge probe for the assessment of serotonin-mediated neuroendocrine responses. The metabol....
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Article
Changes in free amino acid concentrations in serum, brain, and CSF throughout embryogenesis
Using the develo** chick embryo as a model and a very sensitive micromethod for amino acid analysis, a complete analysis is presented of the developmental changes in free amino acid concentration in the bloo...
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Chapter
Amino Acid Availability and Brain Function in Health and Disease
Until the early seventies, it was generally believed that normal brain function would be unaffected by the metabolic changes associated with the ingestion of different foods. This assumption was effectively un...
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Article
Acceleration of brain tubulin formation in the optic lobe of the chick embryo by light stimulation
The effect of light exposure on the protein patterns of optic lobe and forebrain of the chick embryo was analysed by a high-resolution micro-two-dimensional polyacryamide gel electrophoresis and computerized q...
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Article
The depletion of tryptophan and serotonin in the brain of develo** hyperphenylalaninemic rats is abolished by the additional administration of lysine
In suckling hyperphenylalaninemic (hyper-Phe) rats, all essential amino acids including tryptophan are depleted in the blood. The inadequate supply of Trp to the develo** brain leads to a decline of Trp, of ...
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Article
Use of α-methylphenylalanine for studies of brain development in experimental phenylketonuria
Experimental phenylketonuria was induced in newborn rats by administration ofl-phenylalanine and α-methylphenylalanine. There was no primary disturbance of myelination, but reduced cell proliferation, early cell ...
