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Article
Widespread two-layered melt structure in the asthenosphere
Partial melts in the Earth’s convecting mantle influence its physical and chemical state, particularly the plasticity of the asthenosphere and the dynamics of plate tectonics. Melt compositions change systemat...
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Article
Distinctive calcium isotopic composition of mice organs and fluids: implications for biological research
The stable calcium (Ca) isotopes offer a minimally invasive method for assessing Ca balance in the body, providing a new avenue for research and clinical applications. In this study, we measured the Ca isotopi...
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Article
Carbonate record of temporal change in oxygen fugacity and gaseous species in asteroid Ryugu
The Hayabusa2 spacecraft explored asteroid Ryugu and brought its surface materials to Earth. Ryugu samples resemble Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites—the most chemically primitive meteorites—and contain secondary phy...
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Article
Open AccessZinc, carbon, and oxygen isotopic variations associated with the Marinoan deglaciation
The "Snowball Earths" were cataclysmic events during the late Neoproterozoic's Cryogenian period (720-635 Ma) in which most, if not all, of Earth’s surface was covered in ice. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction...
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Article
Author Correction: Contribution of Ryugu-like material to Earth’s volatile inventory by Cu and Zn isotopic analysis
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Article
The magmatic architecture and evolution of the Chang’e-5 lunar basalts
The lunar basalt samples returned by the Chang’e-5 mission erupted about 2.0 billion years ago during the late period of the Moon’s secular cooling. The conditions of mantle melting in the source region and th...
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Article
Contribution of Ryugu-like material to Earth’s volatile inventory by Cu and Zn isotopic analysis
Initial analyses showed that asteroid Ryugu’s composition is close to CI (Ivuna-like) carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) – the chemically most primitive meteorites, characterized by near-solar abundances for most e...
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Article
Open AccessPotassium isotope heterogeneity in the early Solar System controlled by extensive evaporation and partial recondensation
Volatiles are vital ingredients for a habitable planet. Angrite meteorites sample the most volatile-depleted planetesimal in the Solar System, particularly for the alkali elements. They are prime targets for i...
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Article
Open AccessMIRS: an imaging spectrometer for the MMX mission
The MMX infrared spectrometer (MIRS) is an imaging spectrometer onboard MMX JAXA mission. MMX (Martian Moon eXploration) is scheduled to be launched in 2024 with sample return to Earth in 2029. MIRS is built a...
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Article
Open AccessAnalytical protocols for Phobos regolith samples returned by the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) will launch a spacecraft in 2024 for a sample return mission from Phobos (Martian Moons eXploration: MMX). Touchdown operations are planned to be performed twice at di...
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Article
Open AccessImpact glasses from Belize represent tektites from the Pleistocene Pantasma impact crater in Nicaragua
Tektites are terrestrial impact-generated glasses that are ejected long distance (up to 11,000 km), share unique characteristics and have a poorly understood formation process. Only four tektite strewn-fields ...
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Article
Open AccessCalcium isotope evidence for early Archaean carbonates and subduction of oceanic crust
Continents are unique to Earth and played a role in coevolution of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Debate exists, however, regarding continent formation and the onset of subduction-driven plate tec...
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Article
Isotope metallomics approaches for medical research
Metallomics is a rapidly evolving field of bio-metal research that integrates techniques and perspectives from other “-omics” sciences (e.g. genomics, proteomics) and from research vocations further afield. Pe...
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Article
Tracing the formation and differentiation of the Earth by non-traditional stable isotopes
The Earth has grown from chaotically mixed small dusts and gases to its present highly differentiated layered structure over the past 4.567 billion years. This differentiation has led to the formation of the a...
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Article
An oceanic subduction origin for Archaean granitoids revealed by silicon isotopes
Modern oceanic crust is constantly produced at oceanic ridges and recycled back into the mantle at subduction zones via plate tectonics. An outstanding question in geology is whether the Earth started in a non...
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Article
Open AccessSerum and brain natural copper stable isotopes in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease is associated with the production of Cu rich aβ fibrils. Because monitoring the changes in Cu level of organs has been proposed to follow the evolution of the disease, we analyzed the coppe...
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Article
Open AccessMartian magmatism from plume metasomatized mantle
Direct analysis of the composition of Mars is possible through delivery of meteorites to Earth. Martian meteorites include ∼165 to 2400 Ma shergottites, originating from depleted to enriched mantle sources, an...
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Article
Evidence for extremely rapid magma ocean crystallization and crust formation on Mars
The formation of a primordial crust is a critical step in the evolution of terrestrial planets but the timing of this process is poorly understood. The mineral zircon is a powerful tool for constraining crust ...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Zinc Isotopes
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Article
Open AccessZhamanshin astrobleme provides evidence for carbonaceous chondrite and post-impact exchange between ejecta and Earth’s atmosphere
Chemical fingerprints of impacts are usually compromised by extreme conditions in the impact plume, and the contribution of projectile matter to impactites does not often exceed a fraction of per cent. Here we...
