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Article
Open AccessCharacterisation of high burnup spent mixed oxide fuel after leaching at hyperalkaline pH in a reducing environment
Microstructural investigations of a Zircaloy-4 clad mixed oxide fuel rod segment with a burnup of 50.3 GWd/tHM after exposure to a synthetic young cementitious water at a hyperalkaline pH of 13.7(2) under reducin...
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Article
Open AccessInvestigation of kinetics and mechanisms of metallic beryllium corrosion for the management of radioactive wastes
Activated beryllium wastes are produced by the nuclear industry and have to be managed as radioactive waste during decommissioning and dismantling of nuclear facilities. One potential approach to the managemen...
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Article
Open AccessEffects of organic degradation products on the migration behaviour of radionuclides in cementitious materials
The impact of phthalates, which might be present in a cementitious repository as degradation products of superplasticisers or PVC additives, on the migration behaviour of An(III)/Ln(III) was investigated in batch...
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Article
Open AccessA radiochemical lab-on-a-chip paired with computer vision to unlock the crystallization kinetics of (Ba,Ra)SO4
(Ra,Ba)SO4 solid solutions are commonly encountered as problematic scales in subsurface energy-related applications, e.g., geothermal systems, hydraulic fracturing, conventional oil and gas, etc. Despite its rele...
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Article
Open AccessMicrofluidic investigation of pore-size dependency of barite nucleation
The understanding and prediction of mineral precipitation processes in porous media are relevant for various energy-related subsurface applications. While it is well known that thermodynamic effects can inhibi...
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Article
Open AccessStructural incorporation of europium into uranium oxides
Microparticulate reference materials with well-defined properties are needed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to consolidate a sustainable quality control system for analytical measurements for...
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Article
Open AccessAccelerated dissolution of doped UO2-based model systems as analogues for modern spent nuclear fuel under repository conditions
Systematic single-effect dissolution studies were carried out on the dissolution behaviour of pure and Cr- or Nd-doped UO2 reference pellets as model materials for spent nuclear fuel with varying do** levels, d...
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Article
Open AccessCaesium and iodine release from spent mixed oxide fuels under repository relevant conditions: Initial leaching results
Autoclave leaching experiments are conducted on three well-characterised, irradiated, and cladded mixed oxide fuel-rod segments with burnups ranging from 29 GWd/tHM to 52 GWd/tHM to investigate the instant releas...
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Article
Open AccessLong-term stability of uranium-oxide-based microparticle reference materials: Shelf-life in alcoholic suspension and storage media
For the analysis of individual micrometer- and submicrometer-sized particles collected by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards inspectors on swipe samples during in-field verification, well-def...
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Article
Open AccessStructural incorporation of lanthanides (La, Eu, and Lu) into U3O8 as a function of the ionic radius
The International Atomic Energy Agency implements safeguard measures to verify the compliance of Member States to their international legal obligations using nuclear material and technology only for peaceful p...
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Article
Open AccessA lab-on-a-chip approach integrating in-situ characterization and reactive transport modelling diagnostics to unravel (Ba,Sr)SO4 oscillatory zoning
The co-precipitation of sulphate minerals such as celestine and barite is widely studied because their formation is ubiquitous in natural and anthropogenic systems. Co-precipitation in porous media results in ...
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Article
Open AccessChemical and structural investigations on uranium oxide-based microparticles as reference materials for analytical measurements
The analysis of individual micrometre- and submicrometre-sized particles collected by IAEA’s safeguards inspectors on swipe samples during in-field verification activities requires the implementation of a sust...
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Article
Modeling of Nuclear Waste Forms: State-of-the-Art and Perspectives
Computational modeling is an important aspect of the research on nuclear waste materials. In particular, atomistic simulations, when used complementary to experimental efforts, contribute to the scientific bas...
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Article
Assessment of the release behaviour of 14C from irradiated nuclear graphite from a German research reactor
The behaviour of irradiated graphite (i-graphite) from a German research reactor was investigated under different boundary conditions for assessment of 14C-speciation and the release kinetics into the aqueous and...
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Article
Simulating Oxygen Intrusion into Highly Heterogeneous Fractured Media Using High Performance Computing
Fractured crystalline rocks are under consideration by several countries as host formations for high-level nuclear waste repositories. The redox evolution in these host rock formations is an important issue fo...
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Article
Dissolution kinetics of synthetic LaPO4-monazite in acidic media
Single-phase monazite-type ceramics are discussed as waste forms for the safe disposal of surplus plutonium or separated minor actinides. To derive a fundamental understanding of the long-term stability of the...
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Article
Microparticle production as reference materials for particle analysis methods in safeguards
The application of safeguards measures by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) involves analytical measurements of samples taken during inspections of nuclear facilities. Thus constant development and...
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Article
Implications of Grain-Scale Mineralogical Heterogeneity for Radionuclide Transport in Fractured Media
The geological disposal of nuclear waste is based on the multi-barrier concept, comprising various engineered and natural barriers, to confine the radioactive waste and isolate it from the biosphere. Some of t...
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Article
Probing disorder in isometric pyrochlore and related complex oxides
Disordering in complex oxides is important for their radiation resistance. It is now shown that pyrochlores disorder by the formation of a weberite-like phase, with similar behaviour observed in spinels, addin...
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Article
Evaluation of the long-term behavior of potential plutonium waste forms in a geological repository
Various candidate waste matrices such as nuclear waste glasses, ceramic waste forms and low-specification “storage” MOX have been considered within the current UK geological disposal program for the immobiliza...
