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Article
Open AccessReplication competent HIV-guided CRISPR screen identifies antiviral factors including targets of the accessory protein Nef
Innate antiviral factors are essential for effective defense against viral pathogens. However, the identity of major restriction mechanisms remains elusive. Current approaches to discover antiviral factors usu...
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Article
Open AccessSpike residue 403 affects binding of coronavirus spikes to human ACE2
The bat sarbecovirus RaTG13 is a close relative of SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this bat virus was most likely unable to directly infect humans since its Spike (S) protein does not ...
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Article
Open AccessIFITM proteins promote SARS-CoV-2 infection and are targets for virus inhibition in vitro
Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs 1, 2 and 3) can restrict viral pathogens, but pro- and anti-viral activities have been reported for coronaviruses. Here, we show that artificial overexpression...
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Article
Open AccessAlpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits TMPRSS2 protease activity and SARS-CoV-2 infection
SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory pathogen and primarily infects the airway epithelium. As our knowledge about innate immune factors of the respiratory tract against SARS-CoV-2 is limited, we generated and screened ...
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Article
SARS-CoV-2 infects and replicates in cells of the human endocrine and exocrine pancreas
Infection-related diabetes can arise as a result of virus-associated β-cell destruction. Clinical data suggest that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing the coronavirus dis...