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Article
Clostridium sporogenes uses reductive Stickland metabolism in the gut to generate ATP and produce circulating metabolites
Gut bacteria face a key problem in how they capture enough energy to sustain their growth and physiology. The gut bacterium Clostridium sporogenes obtains its energy by utilizing amino acids in pairs, coupling th...
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Article
Nectar secretion requires sucrose phosphate synthases and the sugar transporter SWEET9
Although nectar is known to be important, for example in plant–insect interactions, little has been known about the mechanism of its secretion; sucrose phosphate synthases are now reported to be essential for ...
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Article
Optical sensors for monitoring dynamic changes of intracellular metabolite levels in mammalian cells
Knowledge of the in vivo levels, distribution and flux of ions and metabolites is crucial to our understanding of physiology in both healthy and diseased states. The quantitative analysis of the dynamics of ions ...
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Article
Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens
Sugar efflux transporters are essential for the maintenance of animal blood glucose levels, plant nectar production, and plant seed and pollen development. Despite broad biological importance, the identity of ...
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Article
Rapid optimization of electroporation conditions for plant cells, protoplasts, and pollen
The optimization of electroporation conditions for maximal uptake of DNA during direct gene transfer experiments is critical to achieve high levels of gene expression in transformed plant cells. Two stains, tr...