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Protocol
Immunohistochemistry and Immunocytochemistry
Immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry are powerful techniques for localizing the molecular expression of proteins in tissues and cells, especially when combined with the in situ hybridization technique. Im...
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Protocol
Construction of Genomic Libraries in λ-Vectors
Lambda (λ) bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. The genome of λ-phage is a double-stranded DNA molecule approx 50 kb in length (1). In bacterial cells, λ-phage employs one of two pathways...
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Protocol
Expression of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L1 in Baculovirus Expression Systems
With the great achievements of recombinant DNA technology, a variety of expression systems, including yeast, baculovirus, adenovirus, and attenuated Salmonella expression systems, have been used for the overex...
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Protocol
Micropropagation of Penthorum chinenseThrough Axillary Buds
Penthorum chinensePursh is a traditional medicinal herb in China. Micropropagation protocol of this plant has been established. The shoot induction rate is high by culturing nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog...
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Protocol
Saccharide Microarrays for High-Throughput Interrogation of Glycan-Protein Binding Interactions
This chapter describes two methods for fabricating microarrays of saccharides for display and interrogation with binding proteins, using fluorescence detection. The first approach is based on the rapid immobil...
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Protocol
Computer Modeling of Helicases Using Elastic Network Model
In this chapter, we will demonstrate the usage of a suite of computational techniques based on a coarse-grained elastic network model by applying them to a monomeric helicase—the NS3 helicase of hepatitis C vi...
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Protocol
Real-Time Measurement of Murine Hippocampus NO Levels in Response to Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion
Nitric oxide has been implicated as a mediator of synaptic transmission and a pathological factor in stroke/reperfusion. The purpose of this study was to detect the change of nitric oxide concentration in rat ...
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Protocol
Lipases as Biocatalysts for the Synthesis of Structured Lipids
Structured lipids (SL) are broadly referred to as modified or synthetic oils and fats or lipids with functional or pharmaceutical applications. Some structured lipids, such as triglycerides that contain both l...
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Protocol
Novel Substrates for Microarrays
In the microarray platform, the surface substrate is critical to the result quality in terms of signal consistency and detection sensitivity. Traditional substrates such as glass and nitrocellulose often entai...
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Protocol
Genetic Code Expansion in Enteric Bacterial Pathogens
The genetic code expansion strategy has become an elegant method for site-specific incorporation of noncanonical amino acids with diverse functionalities into proteins of interest in bacteria, yeast, mammalian...
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Protocol
Patch-Clamp Recording of the CRAC Channel Current in STIM-Orai Overexpressing Cells
Induced by the depletion of ER calcium store, the calcium influx through calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels is an ubiquitous way of Ca2+ influx for most cell types. This process is mediated by STIM...
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Protocol
A Carrier Strategy for Mass Cytometry Analysis of Small Numbers of Cells
The recent launch of mass cytometry or cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) has revolutionized flow cytometry. Similar to fluorescence flow cytometry, a key challenge for CyTOF is to analyze samples of limited ...
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Protocol
Design of an Intron-Retained Bioluminescence Reporter and its Application in Imaging of Pre-mRNA Splicing in Living Subjects
Aberrant splicing of precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) can generate abnormal transcripts, and most of the human diseases have been shown to associate with abnormal splicing of pre-mRNA. Conventional methods r...
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Protocol
Real-Time Quantification of Cell Internalization Kinetics by Bioluminescent Probes
Alongside the intracellular transport of nutrients needed for cellular homeostasis, great efforts exist to effectively deliver substances such as proteins and genes into the cell for therapy, gene editing, dis...