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Protocol
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Identification and Quantification of Lipids in Liposomes
Liposomes are spherical, closed vesicles consisting of at least one lipid bilayer with a water chamber and are widely used to encapsulate bioactive molecules. Lipid membranes, composed of different types of li...
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Protocol
Transwell In Vitro Cell Migration and Invasion Assays
Cell migration and invasion have essential roles in both normal physiology and disease. As such, methodologies to assess cell migratory and invasive capacities are necessary to elucidate normal cell processes ...
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Protocol
Preparation and Characterization of Trastuzumab Fab-Conjugated Liposomes (Immunoliposomes)
Immunoliposomes are made by conjugating antibodies or antibody fragments on liposome surfaces. Antibody fragments Fab’, single-chain Fv fragments (scFv), or new constructs such as nanobodies are commonly used ...
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Protocol
Mammalian Two-Hybrid Assay for Detecting Protein-Protein Interactions in Vivo
The mammalian two-hybrid system is a very powerful tool to investigate protein-protein interactions in terms of functional domains and identify potential binding ligands and partners of a protein. Compared wit...
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Protocol
Delivery of DNA into Tumors
Delivery of plasmid DNA encoding therapeutic genes into tumors is one of the main applications of electroporation. This chapter summarizes various investigators' electroporation parameters for intratumoral gen...
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Protocol
Systemic IL-12 Gene Therapy for Treating Malignancy via Intramuscular Electroporation
Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is effective in treating systemic microscopic malignancies by inducing T helper 1 (TH1) response, inhibiting angiogenesis, and triggering secondary cytokine production. Unfortunately, daily...
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Protocol
Intratumoral Bleomycin and IL-12 Electrochemogenetherapy for Treating Head and Neck Tumors in Dogs
Bleomycin and Interleukin 12 have been used clinically to treat tumors; however, the co-administration of Bleomycin and Interleukin 12 followed by electroporation has not been tested clinically. In this study,...
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Protocol
Treatment of SCCVII Tumors with Systemic Chemotherapy and Interleukin-12 Gene Therapy Combination
Cyclophosphamide and Interleukin-12 (IL-12) have been successfully used in clinical trials for treating malignancies. In this study, we explore the coadministration of cyclophosphamide and IL-12 plasmid DNA fo...
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Protocol
N-Linked Glycan Characterization of Heterologous Proteins
Our laboratory has focused on the re-engineered of the secretory pathway of Pichia pastoris to perform glycosylation reactions that mimic processing of N-glycans in humans and other higher mammals (1,2). A report...
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Protocol
Protein Chip for Detection of DNA Mutations
A large number of human genetic diseases, bacterial drug resistances, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms are caused by gene mutations. Rapid and high-throughput mutation detection methods are urgently demande...
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Protocol
Nanotechnology
Microarrays are important tools for high-throughput analysis of biomolecules. The use of microarrays for parallel screening of nucleic acid and protein profiles has become an industry standard. A few limitatio...