209 Result(s)
within
Life Sciences
Biochemistry, general
Neurosciences
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Yi** **
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Chapter
Toxicity Studies of Exosomes and Potential Overcome Approaches
Exosomes are nanosized, tiny extracellular particles that are produced by cells. They include varying quantities of protein, mRNA, miRNA, DNA, and lipids, along with various other bioactive chemicals to perfor...
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Exosomes: Biogenesis, Composition, and Synthesis
Exosomes are tiny, membrane-bound vesicles that are present in many body fluids and perform important functions in cell-to-cell communication. The creation of early endosomes that develop into multivesicular b...
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Role of Exosomes in Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease in which autoreactive immune cells recognize myelin antigens and cause demyelination and axonal damage. Inflammatory CD4+ T cells that ...
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Role of Exosomes in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurological ailment in the world after Alzheimer’s disease (AD), affects about 1% of those over 65 years. Exosomes were first thought to be useless cell debris...
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Role of Exosomes in Management of Depression
Depression or major depressive disorder (MDD) is a disease that is characterized by prolonged sad mood. In most of the cases, the disorder is presented with other comorbid illnesses such as anxiety, Alzheimer’...
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Advancement of Engineered Exosomes to Deliver Therapeutic Protein Cargos in Brain Disorders
The potential use of exosomes as biomarkers for central nervous system disorders is an intriguing idea because they can monitor disease development, enable early diagnosis, and optimize treatment outcomes. Exo...
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Recent Challenges of Exosomes as a Novel Carrier in Various Brain Disorders
Exosome application has recently gained significant attention as a promising area of nanotechnology research for the development of drugs and diagnostic tools for a wide range of disorders. Due to their inhere...
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Exosomes as a Future Diagnostic Tool for Brain Disorders
The brain is a highly complex interconnected neuronal network with a specialized blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a diffusion barrier crucial for protecting normal brain function by blocking dangerous com...
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Introduction to Exosome and Its Role in Brain Disorders
Exosomes, which are small extracellular vehicles produced by a variety of cell types, have emerged as key actors in intercellular communication due to their ability to transport a diverse payload of proteins, ...
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Therapeutic Impact of Exosomes in Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack
Stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) are debilitating neurological conditions characterized by a sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in tissue damage and functional impairments. Despi...
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Therapeutic Impact of Exosomes on Huntington’s Disease
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder, which significantly disrupts muscle coordination and results in cognitive decline and psychiatric problems. HD is predominantly caused by a genet...
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Role of Exosomes in Epilepsy and Other Seizure Disorders
Epilepsy is a common brain disorder in which seizures occur due to abnormal electrical activity. It affects all people. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles formed in the endosomal part of eukaryotic cells and ...
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Role of Microbiota-Derived Exosomes in Gut–Brain Communication for the Treatment of Brain Disorders
The human intestine hosts a plethora of bacterial species and other microbiota that can have significant implications on the homeostasis and diseased state of humans. The commensal and pathogenic bacteria both...
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Correlation Between Exosomes and Neuro-inflammation in Various Brain Disorders
One of the main causes of death and disability worldwide is brain neurological disorder/disease. According to the total DALYs (disability-adjusted life years), the burden of neurological illnesses will continu...
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Advancement of Radiolabeled Exosomes in Brain Disorders
A groundbreaking nanotechnology is promised by the exosome application in brain disorder treatments due to its phenomenal characteristic of being able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), along with greater...
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Hydrogen Sulfide as an Oxygen Sensor
Eukaryotic cells depend upon oxygen (O2) for their survival and elaborate mechanisms have evolved in multicellular animals, especially vertebrates, to monitor the availability of environmental O2, the efficiency ...
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Signaling Mechanisms Underlying the Hydrogen Sulfide Effects: Identification of Hydrogen Sulfide “Receptors”
After extensive research efforts worldwide in the last decades, it is no doubt now that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has important physiological roles in many organs/tissues and is also involved in the pathogenesis of ...
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Hydrogen Sulfide: Physiological and Pathophysiological Functions
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recognized as an endogenous gaseous mediator. The past decade has seen an exponential growth of scientific interest in the physiological and pathological significance of H2S especi...
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H2S as a Bacterial Defense Against Antibiotics
Hydrogen sulfide is a member of a group of gaseous signaling molecules, termed gasotransmitters. Like eukaryotes, most bacterial species encode a putative enzyme for the generation of hydrogen sulfide. In rece...
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Enzymology of Hydrogen Sulfide Turnover
Hydrogen sulfide is a biological signaling molecule that is produced by organisms ranging from bacteria to man. Since it is also toxic at high concentrations, strategies exist for its efficient removal and con...
