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Noble metal-free N-doped carbon-based electrocatalysts for air electrode of rechargeable zinc-air battery

用于锌-空气电池空气电极的无贵金属掺杂碳基电催 化剂

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Abstract

Low-cost, high-energy density, and safe zinc-air batteries (ZABs) have been considered to be one of the most potential green energy storage devices. However, the performance of ZABs is affected by the properties of various components, including the passivation and corrosion of the Zn anode, the alkali nature of electrolyte, and especially the slow O2 oxidation-reduction reaction on the air cathode. Among various components, the cathode electrocatalyst is highly important to the performance of ZABs. N-doped carbon-based materials as electrocatalysts have the advantages of low price, good stability, controllable structure, and high conductivity, which can effectively improve the overall performance of ZABs. Up to now, a number of papers have been published in this field, but there is no systematic review of the latest progress of N-doped carbon-based materials for ZABs. This review paper provides a timely and comprehensive summary of this rapidly develo** and important field. In this paper, the important components and working principle of ZABs are firstly introduced and the progress of the anode and electrolyte of ZABs is briefly introduced. Then, the current advanced optimization strategies of N-doped carbon-based catalysts for ZABs are provided, including a variety of common methods for the preparation of N-doped carbon catalysts. In addition to metal-free N-doped carbon-based catalysts, the research progress of N-doped carbon-based catalysts coupled with nonnoble metals is also discussed. In this paper, the properties, preparation methods, and detailed mechanism of various catalysts are summarized systematically and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. This paper not only introduces the latest research progress, but also provides the basic idea to guide the design of N-doped carbon-based electrocatalysts with high performance, which is helpful for their large-scale applications in ZABs.

摘要

低成本、高能量密度、安全的锌空气电池(ZABs)被认为是最有 潜力的绿色储能设备之一. 然而, ZABs的性能受到多种组分性能的影 响, 包括锌阳极的钝化和腐蚀, 电解质的碱性, 特别是空气阴极上缓慢 的O2氧化还原反应. 其中, 阴极电催化剂对ZABs的性能起着至关重要 的作用. 氮掺杂碳基材料作为电催化剂具有价格低、稳定性好、结构 可控、导电性高等优点, 可有效提高ZABs的整体性能. 到目前为止, 该 领域已经发表了大量论文, 但关于ZABs用氮掺杂碳基材料的最新进展 还没有系统的综述. 本文对这一迅速发展的重要领域进行了及时、全 面的总结. 本文首先介绍了ZABs的重要组成部分和工作原理, 并简要 介绍了ZABs的阳极和电解液的研究进展. 然后, 提出了目前先进的氮 掺杂碳基ZABs催化剂的优化策略, 包括各种常用的氮掺杂碳催化剂的 制备方法. 除了不含金属的氮掺杂碳基催化剂外, 还讨论了氮掺杂碳基 催化剂与非贵金属偶联的研究进展. 本文系统地综述了各种催化剂的 性质、制备方法和详细催化机理, 并对其优缺点进行了比较. 本文不仅 介绍了最新的研究进展, 还为指导高性能氮掺杂碳基电催化剂的设计 提供了基本思路, 有助于其在ZABs中的大规模应用.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2023NSFSC0086) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (YJ2021156).

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  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China

    Hui-Min Xu  (徐慧民), Chen-** Huang  (黄陈金), Ting-Yu Shuai  (帅婷玉), Qi-Ni Zhan  (詹麒尼), Zhi-Jie Zhang  (张志杰), Wenlong Cai  (蔡文龙), Junze Chen  (陈君泽) & Gao-Ren Li  (**高仁)

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  1. Hui-Min Xu  (徐慧民)
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  2. Chen-** Huang  (黄陈金)
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Contributions

Xu HM wrote the paper; Xu HM and Huang CJ prepared the figures and tables; Shuai TS, Zhan QN, Zhang ZJ, Cai W and Chen J revised the manuscript; Li GR provided the overall concept and revised the manuscript. All authors participated in the discussion.

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Correspondence to Gao-Ren Li  (**高仁).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Hui-Min Xu is currently a PhD candidate under the supervision of Prof. Gao-Ren Li at Sichuan University. He received his Bachelor’s degree in engineering in 2014 from Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences and his master’s degree in engineering in 2018 from Fujian Agricultural and Forest University. His research centers on ORR and OER electrocatalysts and metal-air batteries, including the synthesis of microporous-mesoporous carbon-based and nickel foam-based electrocatalysts.

Gao-Ren Li received his PhD degree from Sun Yat-sen University (China) in 2005. From September 2005 to September 2021, he worked at the School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen Universtiy. Since October 2021, he has been working at the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University. His current research interests mainly focus on electrocatalysis, especially water splitting and electrochemical conversion of CO2.

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Xu, HM., Huang, CJ., Shuai, TY. et al. Noble metal-free N-doped carbon-based electrocatalysts for air electrode of rechargeable zinc-air battery. Sci. China Mater. 66, 2953–3003 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-023-2464-8

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