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Temperature Thresholds for Leaf Damage from Two Extreme Freeze Events (2018 and 2021) Near the Northern Range Limit of Black Mangroves (Avicennia germinans) in Southeastern North America

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Abstract

Extreme winter temperatures govern the northern range limit of black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) in southeastern North America. There is a pressing need for studies that advance our understanding of how extreme cold temperature events affect mangroves near their range limits. However, such events are infrequent and challenging to study at regional scales. Here, we compared the damage to mangroves from extreme freeze events in 2018 and 2021, using local data from sites in USA (Florida, Louisiana, and Texas) and northeastern Mexico (Tamaulipas). In 2018, mangrove damage was concentrated in Louisiana and the upper Texas coast, where minimum temperatures ranged from -4 °C to -7 °C. In 2021, damage from a more severe freeze event was concentrated along the central to northern coasts of Texas, where minimum temperatures ranged from -4 °C to -10 °C. We used regional temperature and vegetation data from these events to quantify temperature thresholds for A. germinans leaf damage. Our results indicate that A. germinans leaf damage is likely to occur when temperatures are between -4 °C and -6 °C. These findings help refine temperature thresholds for A. germinans leaf damage and advance understanding of the effects of extreme freeze events on mangrove range expansion. This information is valuable for anticipating future range dynamics in a warming world.

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Data Availability

The 2021 data are available in Kaalstad et al. (2023). The 2018 data are available in the supporting file of Osland et al. (2020b).

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Acknowledgements

We thank the many individuals that generously contributed leaf damage data following the 2018 and 2021 freeze events. MJO, LCF, RHD, GHA, and ASF were supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center, the USGS Climate R&D Program and/or the USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science Program. ARH and MJO were supported by a National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Gulf Research Program Healthy Ecosystems Grant. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

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Author notes

  1. Simen Kaalstad and Michael J. Osland have contributed equally to this publication and share first authorship.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Texas A&M University at Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA

    Simen Kaalstad, Donna J. Devlin & C. Edward Proffitt

  2. Atlantic Coastal Fish Habitat Partnership, Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, Arlington, VA, USA

    Simen Kaalstad

  3. U.S. Geological Survey, Lafayette, LA, USA

    Michael J. Osland, Laura C. Feher, Richard H. Day, Andrew S. From & Melinda Martinez

  4. Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA

    Anna R. Armitage & Jamie E. Thompson

  5. Mission-Aransas National Estuarine Research Reserve, Port Aransas, TX, USA

    Kathleen M. Swanson

  6. University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX, USA

    Kathleen M. Swanson, Kenneth H. Dunton & Briana Martinez

  7. U.S. Geological Survey, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Gordon H. Anderson

  8. Texas Master Naturalists Mid-Coast Chapter, Port O’Connor, TX, USA

    Brigid Berger

  9. Northern Gulf Institute, Mississippi State University, Stennis Space Center, Starkville, MS, USA

    Just Cebrian

  10. Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy, Tallahassee, FL, USA

    Karen L. Cummins

  11. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA

    Ilka C. Feller

  12. University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA

    Alejandro Fierro-Cabo & Elena A. Flores

  13. Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA

    A. Randall Hughes

  14. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    David A. Kaplan & Nathan G. Reaver

  15. Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, USA

    Amy K. Langston

  16. Saint Leo University, St Leo, FL, USA

    Christopher J. Miller

  17. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Austwell, TX, USA

    Colt R. Sanspree

  18. Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve, Eastpoint, FL, USA

    Caitlin M. Snyder

  19. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Odessa, MN, USA

    Andrew P. Stetter

  20. Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas, México

    Carlos Zamora-Tovar

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  1. Simen Kaalstad
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  2. Michael J. Osland
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  18. A. Randall Hughes
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Simen Kaalstad.

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Communicated by Dennis F. Whigham

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Kaalstad, S., Osland, M.J., Devlin, D.J. et al. Temperature Thresholds for Leaf Damage from Two Extreme Freeze Events (2018 and 2021) Near the Northern Range Limit of Black Mangroves (Avicennia germinans) in Southeastern North America. Estuaries and Coasts 47, 292–300 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-023-01279-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-023-01279-7

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