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HIV-1 Myeloid Reservoirs — Contributors to Viral Persistence and Pathogenesis
Purpose of ReviewHIV reservoirs are the main barrier to cure. CD4+ T cells have been extensively studied as the primary HIV-1 reservoir. However,...
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Molecular mechanisms by which the HIV-1 latent reservoir is established and therapeutic strategies for its elimination
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir, composed of cells harboring the latent, integrated virus, is not eliminated by...
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Monocyte-derived macrophages contain persistent latent HIV reservoirs
The development of persistent cellular reservoirs of latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a critical obstacle to viral eradication since...
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Single-Cell Single-Molecule RNA-FISH Combined with Immunofluorescence and High-Speed and High-Resolution Scanning Analysis to Visualize the Reactivation of Latent HIV-1
Latent HIV-1 reservoirsHIV-1 reservoirs are a major obstacle to the eradication of HIV-1. Several cure strategies have been proposed to eliminate...
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iTRAQ-based proteomic study on monocyte cell model discovered an association of LAMP2 downregulation with HIV-1 latency
BackgroundPatientswith immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection are challenging to be cured completely due to the existence of HIV-1 latency...
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An Ultrasensitive p24 Assay to Measure HIV-1 in Diverse Biological Matrixes
Assays to study HIV persistence are crucial to evaluate therapeutic strategies aimed toward an HIV cure. Several assays have been developed to date...
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PRMT2 promotes HIV-1 latency by preventing nucleolar exit and phase separation of Tat into the Super Elongation Complex
The HIV-1 Tat protein hijacks the Super Elongation Complex (SEC) to stimulate viral transcription and replication. However, the mechanisms underlying...
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HIV-1 RNA in extracellular vesicles is associated with neurocognitive outcomes
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is responsible for significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite complete control of viral...
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Molecular Mechanisms of HIV-1 Latency from a Chromatin and Epigenetic Perspective
Purpose of ReviewThe main obstacle to an HIV-1 cure is the reservoir of HIV-1 infected cells. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) eliminates the HIV-1...
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Role of microglia in HIV-1 infection
The usage of antiretroviral treatment (ART) has considerably decreased the morbidity and mortality related to HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus...
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Recovery of Latent HIV-1 from Brain Tissue by Adoptive Cell Transfer in Virally Suppressed Humanized Mice
Defining the latent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) burden in the human brain during progressive infection is limited by sample access....
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Specific quantification of inducible HIV-1 reservoir by RT-LAMP
BackgroundStrategies toward HIV-1 cure aim to clear, inactivate, reduce, or immunologically control the virus from a pool of latently infected cells...
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CARD8 Inflammasome Activation by HIV-1 Protease
The pattern recognition receptor CARD8 is an inflammasome sensor for intracellular HIV-1 protease activity. Previously, the only method for studying...
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Trispecific antibody targeting HIV-1 and T cells activates and eliminates latently-infected cells in HIV/SHIV infections
Agents that can simultaneously activate latent HIV, increase immune activation and enhance the killing of latently-infected cells represent promising...
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The cell biology of HIV-1 latency and rebound
Transcriptionally latent forms of replication-competent proviruses, present primarily in a small subset of memory CD4 + T cells, pose the primary...
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Multimeric immunotherapeutic complexes activating natural killer cells towards HIV-1 cure
BackgroundCombination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has dramatically extended the life expectancy of people living with HIV-1 and improved their...
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Bispecific antibodies promote natural killer cell-mediated elimination of HIV-1 reservoir cells
The persistence of CD4 + T cells carrying latent human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) proviruses is the main barrier to a cure. New therapeutics to...
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S100A8-mediated metabolic adaptation controls HIV-1 persistence in macrophages in vivo
HIV-1 eradication is hindered by viral persistence in cell reservoirs, established not only in circulatory CD4 + T-cells but also in tissue-resident...
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Ripretinib inhibits HIV-1 transcription through modulation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR
Despite the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in prolonging the lifespan of individuals infected with HIV-1, it does not offer a cure for...
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RPLP1 restricts HIV-1 transcription by disrupting C/EBPβ binding to the LTR
Long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) of HIV-1 infection may provide important insights into mechanisms involved in viral control and pathogenesis. Here,...
