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Single-Virion Analysis: A Method to Visualize HIV-1 Particle Content Using Fluorescence Microscopy
HIV-1 virions incorporate viral RNA, cellular RNAs, and proteins during the assembly process. Some of these components, such as the viral RNA genome...
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A single C-terminal residue controls SARS-CoV-2 spike trafficking and incorporation into VLPs
The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is delivered to the virion assembly site in the ER-Golgi Intermediate Compartment (ERGIC) from both the ER and...
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Antibody-Independent Quantification of Cytomegalovirus Virion Protein Incorporation Using HiBiT
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a large double-stranded DNA virus and member of the β-herpesvirus family. HCMV is ubiquitous in the human population...
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LL-37 antimicrobial peptide and heterologous prime-boost vaccination regimen significantly induce HIV-1 Nef-Vpr antigen- and virion-specific immune responses in mice
ObjectivesHIV infection still remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The inability of highly-active antiretroviral therapy in...
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SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein D614G mutation increases virion spike density and infectivity
SARS-CoV-2 variants with spike (S)-protein D614G mutations now predominate globally. We therefore compare the properties of the mutated S protein (S G614...
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Changes in the Structure of Potato Virus A Virions after Limited in situ Proteolysis According to Tritium Labeling Data and Computer Simulation
AbstractCoat proteins (CP) of the potato virus A virions (PVA) contain partially disordered N-terminal domains, which are necessary for performing...
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The two-stage interaction of Ebola virus VP40 with nucleoprotein results in a switch from viral RNA synthesis to virion assembly/budding
Ebola virus (EBOV) is an enveloped negative-sense RNA virus and a member of the filovirus family. Nucleoprotein (NP) expression alone leads to the...
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Proteomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 particles unveils a key role of G3BP proteins in viral assembly
Considerable progress has been made in understanding the molecular host-virus battlefield during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nevertheless, the assembly and...
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Assembly and Evolution of Poxviruses
Poxvirus assemblyPoxvirus assembly has been an intriguing area of research for several decades. While advancements in experimental techniques...
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Spatially resolved protein map of intact human cytomegalovirus virions
Herpesviruses assemble large enveloped particles that are difficult to characterize structurally due to their size, fragility and complex...
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Identification of CD38, CD97, and CD278 on the HIV surface using a novel flow virometry screening assay
While numerous cellular proteins in the HIV envelope are known to alter virus infection, methodology to rapidly phenotype the virion surface in a...
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P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1/CD162) is incorporated into clinical HIV-1 isolates and can mediate virus capture and subsequent transfer to permissive cells
BackgroundP-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1/CD162) has been studied extensively for its role in mediating leukocyte rolling through...
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Non-metabolic role of alpha-enolase in virus replication
Viruses are extremely complex and highly evolving microorganisms; thus, it is difficult to analyse them in detail. The virion is believed to contain...
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Future perspective: high-throughput construction of new ultrasensitive cytokine and virion liquid chips for high-throughput screening (HTS) of anti-inflammatory drugs or clinical diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases
Pathogen–host cell interactions play an important role in many human infectious and inflammatory diseases. Several pathogens, including Escherichia...
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Retroviral PBS-segment sequence and structure: Orchestrating early and late replication events
An essential regulatory hub for retroviral replication events, the 5’ untranslated region (UTR) encodes an ensemble of cis-acting replication...
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Poxvirus under the eyes of electron microscope
Zoonotic poxvirus infections pose significant threat to human health as we have witnessed recent spread of monkeypox. Therefore, insights into...
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Incorporation of apolipoprotein E into HBV–HCV subviral envelope particles to improve the hepatitis vaccine strategy
Hepatitis C is a major threat to public health for which an effective treatment is available, but a prophylactic vaccine is still needed to control...
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Zika virus prM protein contains cholesterol binding motifs required for virus entry and assembly
For successful infection of host cells and virion production, enveloped viruses, including Zika virus (ZIKV), extensively rely on cellular lipids....
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Structural basis of sequence-specific RNA recognition by the antiviral factor APOBEC3G
An essential step in restricting HIV infectivity by the antiviral factor APOBEC3G is its incorporation into progeny virions via binding to HIV RNA....
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Lassa Virus Structural Biology and Replication
Lassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever, an often-fatal hemorrhagic fever that is endemic in West Africa. LASV virions are enveloped...