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Clinical and Economic Burden of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Years Preceding End-Stage Kidney Disease Diagnosis: A Retrospective Observational Study
IntroductionThis study aimed to describe the clinical burden, healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) and healthcare costs for patients with systemic...
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Clinical trajectories preceding incident dementia up to 15 years before diagnosis: a large prospective cohort study
BackgroundDementia has a long prodromal stage with various pathophysiological manifestations; however, the progression of pre-diagnostic changes...
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Overemphasized role of preceding strong El Niño in generating multi-year La Niña events
Previous studies have emphasized the significance of a strong El Niño preceding La Niña (LN) in the formation of multi-year LN events due to the slow...
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Legacy effects of preceding crops improve flue-cured tobacco productivity in southwest China by optimizing soil structure, nutrients, and microbial interactions
Background and aimsThe use of legume crops and garlic as preceding crops has positive effects on soil quality and crop yield. However, little is...
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Multi-Stage Systems
The preceding two chapters discussed systems with two divisions connected in series. Intuitively, the two-stage system should be able to be extended...
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Preceding risks and mortality outcomes of different neonatal acute kidney injury in preterm infants
BackgroundThe aim of the study was to examine preceding risks and mortality outcomes of oliguric and non-oliguric acute kidney injury (AKI) in very...
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General Two-Stage Systems
The basic two-stage system discussed in the preceding chapter describes a production type where all intermediate products produced by the first...
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Cytopenias in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: preceding factors and clinical consequences
BackgroundKidney trans plantation is associated with secondary complications, including the risk of develo** posttransplant cytopenias. This study...
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Sleep Stage Scoring
The original Rechtschaffen and Kales sleep scoring manual of 1968, commonly known as the “R and K” rules, was used until 2007 at which point the...
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Time to first passage of meconium and defecation frequency preceding necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a case–control study
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Early recognition and treatment of NEC are...
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Constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans with a presumptive etiology of preceding feline herpesvirus infection in a cat
BackgroundBronchiolar disorders are rarely recognized in cats. Constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans is characterized by concentric peribronchiolar...
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Impacts of the preceding cancer-specific health-related quality of life instruments on the responses to the subsequent EQ-5D-5L
BackgroundIn clinical studies, the EQ-5D-5L is often employed with disease-specific health-related quality of life instruments. The questions in the...
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Single-stage tubular and multistage planar systems of passive permeate-side-heated solar membrane distillation
Scarcity of drinking water is a global problem and especially serious in rural areas of develo** countries. Passive permeate-side-heated...
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Uphill cropland and stability assessment of gained cropland in China over the preceding 30 years
In recent years, cropland development in high-slope regions in China has alleviated the contradiction between total cropland balance and insufficient...
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Emphysematous changes as red flag signs preceding rapidly progressive infectious aortic disease: two case reports
BackgroundInfectious aortic disease is a rare and fatal disease, that requires the appropriate intervention. An accurate diagnosis should be promptly...
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Basic and Superordinate Image Categorization. Influences of the Extent of Congruence and the Time Parameters of Presentation of the Preceding Stimulus
Studies using a direct masking model addressed the influences of the time characteristics of masker presentation on the performance of basic and...
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The Stage of Stream-Entry
This chapter demonstrates that the contemporary Theravāda understanding of a stream-entrant has been heavily filtered by the Pāli commentarial...
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Neurogenesis in Neurogenic Niches of the Brain in Experimental Alzheimer’s Disease at the Presymptomatic Stage of Neurodegeneration Development
AbstractDeciphering the mechanisms of neurodegeneration development at the presymptomatic stage is an urgent task, the solution of which will help...
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Target Vehicle Selection Algorithm for Adaptive Cruise Control Based on Lane-changing Intention of Preceding Vehicle
To improve the ride comfort and safety of a traditional adaptive cruise control (ACC) system when the preceding vehicle changes lanes, it proposes a...
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Treatment of Early-Stage (Stage I and II) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The TNM classification system is used to stage lung cancer, and...