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Text Normalization
Text normalizationText normalization is the process of transforming text data into a standardized or canonical form. It involves converting text data... -
Medical Concept Normalization
Medical concept normalization, which maps clinical entities to concepts in standard terminology, is essential for supporting downstream computational... -
Adaptive Spectral Normalization for Generative Models
AbstractWhen using Wasserstein GAN loss function for training generative adversarial networks (GAN), it is theoretically necessary to limit the...
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Monetary Policy Normalization One Hundred Years After Keynes' Tract on Monetary Reform
In light of the pickup of inflation at the end of 2021 and monetary policy shifts by the world's major central banks, this book examines interrelated...
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Feature-specific quantile normalization and feature-specific mean–variance normalization deliver robust bi-directional classification and feature selection performance between microarray and RNAseq data
BackgroundCross-platform normalization seeks to minimize technological bias between microarray and RNAseq whole-transcriptome data. Incorporating...
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Normalization Flow
We propose a new approach to the theory of normal forms for Hamiltonian systems near a nonresonant elliptic singular point. We consider the space of...
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Breaking Time Invariance: Assorted-Time Normalization for RNNs
Methods such as Layer Normalization (LN) and Batch Normalization have proven to be effective in improving the training of Recurrent Neural Networks...
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Cortical Divisive Normalization from Wilson–Cowan Neural Dynamics
Divisive Normalization and the Wilson–Cowan equations are well-known influential models of nonlinear neural interaction (Carandini and Heeger in Nat...
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The effect of feature normalization methods in radiomics
ObjectivesIn radiomics, different feature normalization methods, such as z-Score or Min–Max, are currently utilized, but their specific impact on the...
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Evaluation of normalization strategies for GC-based metabolomics
IntroductionFor many samples studied by GC-based metabolomics applications, extensive sample preparation involving extraction followed by a two-step...
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Soft Margin Spectral Normalization for GANs
In this paper, we explore the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to speed up the simulation process while ensuring that the generated...
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Microtext Normalization for Chatbots
With the current upsurge in the usage of social media platforms, the trend of using short text, or microtext, in place of standard English has... -
Normalization in Motif Discovery
Motif discovery can be used as a subroutine in many time series data mining tasks such as classification, clustering and anomaly detection. A motif... -
Normalization Techniques in Deep Learning
This book presents and surveys normalization techniques with a deep analysis in training deep neural networks. In addition, the author provides... -
Exploring alternative normalization approaches for life cycle assessment
PurposeThis work investigates the use of alternative approaches to normalization in life cycle assessment (LCA) and shows the relevance of the...
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Linear Methods for Multivariate Normalization
This chapter introduces the basic linear methods of multivariate normalization and defines some important invariant properties of linear... -
Gene count normalization in single-cell imaging-based spatially resolved transcriptomics
BackgroundRecent advances in imaging-based spatially resolved transcriptomics (im-SRT) technologies now enable high-throughput profiling of targeted...
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Normalization of Multidimensional Data for Multi-Criteria Decision Making Problems Inversion, Displacement, Asymmetry
This book presents a systematic review of multidimensional normalization methods and addresses problems frequently encountered when using various...
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Joint face normalization and representation learning for face recognition
Identity-independent factors, such as variations of pose, expression, illumination, etc., are the key challenges in face recognition. To avoid the...
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Normalization and MCDM Rank Model
The description of multidimensional normalization scales is carried out and the general principles of normalization of multidimensional data are...