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Future temperature extremes threaten land vertebrates
The frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme thermal events are increasing and are projected to further increase by the end of the century
1 ,2 ....
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The hagfish genome and the evolution of vertebrates
As the only surviving lineages of jawless fishes, hagfishes and lampreys provide a crucial window into early vertebrate evolution
1 –3 . Here we...
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Meta-analysis reveals that vertebrates enhance plant litter decomposition at the global scale
Evidence is mounting that vertebrate defaunation greatly impacts global biogeochemical cycling. Yet, there is no comprehensive assessment of the...
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Colonization of the ocean floor by jawless vertebrates across three mass extinctions
BackgroundThe deep (> 200 m) ocean floor is often considered to be a refugium of biodiversity; many benthic marine animals appear to share ancient...
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Neural crest origin of sympathetic neurons at the dawn of vertebrates
The neural crest is an embryonic stem cell population unique to vertebrates
1 whose expansion and diversification are thought to have promoted...
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Evolution of Viruses in Immunized Populations of Vertebrates
AbstractScientists have described thousands of species of viruses, many of which are pathogens of vertebrates. Given that vertebrates have their...
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Melanopsin-mediated optical entrainment regulates circadian rhythms in vertebrates
Melanopsin (OPN4) is a light-sensitive protein that plays a vital role in the regulation of circadian rhythms and other nonvisual functions. Current...
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The Behavioural Immune System of Lower Vertebrates
The immune system evolves under the ever-changing selective pressure of pathogens and its effective functioning involves not only immune-related...
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Structure and Properties of the Glomerular Filtration Barrier in Vertebrates: Role of a Charge in Protein Filtration
AbstractThe renal glomerulus is a unique structure that distinguishes the nephrons of vertebrates from the nephridia of invertebrate...
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General Rules of Brain Morphogenesis in Vertebrates: An Hourglass Model
It is widely held that three primary brain vesicles (forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain in a broad sense) develop into five secondary brain vesicles...
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Ascidian embryonic cells with properties of neural-crest cells and neuromesodermal progenitors of vertebrates
Neural-crest cells and neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs) are multipotent cells that are important for development of vertebrate embryos. In embryos...
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Molecular evolution of the hemoglobin gene family across vertebrates
Adaptation to various altitudes and oxygen levels is a major aspect of vertebrate evolution. Hemoglobin is an erythrocyte protein belonging to the...
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Composition of encephalic arteries and origin of the basilar artery are different between vertebrates
Intracranial arterial anatomy is lacking for most mammalian and non-mammalian model species, especially concerning the origin of the basilar artery...
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Evolutionary analysis of swimming speed in early vertebrates challenges the ‘New Head Hypothesis’
The ecological context of early vertebrate evolution is envisaged as a long-term trend towards increasingly active food acquisition and enhanced...
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Common evolutionary origin of acoustic communication in choanate vertebrates
Acoustic communication, broadly distributed along the vertebrate phylogeny, plays a fundamental role in parental care, mate attraction and various...
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Evolution of tissue-specific expression of ancestral genes across vertebrates and insects
Regulation of gene expression is arguably the main mechanism underlying the phenotypic diversity of tissues within and between species. Here we...
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Evolution of the germline mutation rate across vertebrates
The germline mutation rate determines the pace of genome evolution and is an evolving parameter itself
1 . However, little is known about what...
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The oldest complete jawed vertebrates from the early Silurian of China
Molecular studies suggest that the origin of jawed vertebrates was no later than the Late Ordovician period (around 450 million years ago (Ma))
1 ,2 ....
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Dimeric G-quadruplex motifs-induced NFRs determine strong replication origins in vertebrates
Replication of vertebrate genomes is tightly regulated to ensure accurate duplication, but our understanding of the interplay between genetic and...
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