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Basics of Plasma Physics
Basic properties of plasmas are introduced, which are valid for an extremely wide range of plasma parameters. Plasmas are classified by different...
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Strongly Coupled Plasmas
We give a brief introduction into the basic many-particle effectes in strongly coupled plasmas and their theoretical treatment. Exemplary results are...
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Magnetic Confinement
This chapter describes the basic principles of magnetic confinement. The main representatives of magnetic confinement are the mirror machine, the...
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Observation of Plasma Fluctuations
The diagnostics of fluctuating plasma quantities and their evaluation is an important issue in the context of plasma waves, instabilities, and...
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Low Temperature Plasmas
Characteristic properties and generation mechanisms of low temperature plasmas in different gas discharges are presented. A special part is focussed...
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Clusters of Galaxies at High Redshift
For a long time, the small number of clusters at z > 0.3 in the Abell survey catalogue and simulations of the standard CDM formation of large scale...
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Velocity Dispersion Analysis of CNOC Clusters
I present results of the analysis of the internal velocity dispersions,...
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The Metal Enrichment History of Clusters of Galaxies
The ratio of the total iron mass in the ICM to the total optical luminosity of the cluster (the iron mass-to-light-ratio) is the same for all...
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Supernovae at High Redshift
Distant supernovae provide a convenient tool for cosmology. As bright beacons with small variation in their peak luminosity Type Ia Supernovae can be...
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The Galactic Bulge: Prospects for the VLT
The central bulge of the Galaxy is 100 times closer than the nearest extragalactic bulge, that of M31. Until the era of 100m telescopes arrives, the...
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The Old Population of the Magellanic Clouds
The brightest old stars in the LMC are as faint as V=16 (V=16.5 in the SMC). The VLT with UVES or GIRAFFE will provide, for the first time, high...
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The Stellar Mass Function
Considerable progress has been made recently in more accurately determining the frequency distribution of stellar masses in the critical 0.1 to 1 m...
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Synergy Between the VLT and the NGST
Three major astronomical facilities will address the distant universe and processes of star formation in the next decade: the Next Generation Space...
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The Cluster Population in a Complete Sample of Optically Identified RASS X-Ray Sources
Using the 2.1-m telescope of the Guillermo Haro Observatory (Cananea, Mexico) the optical counterparts of a count-rate and area limited complete...
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Massive Stars and Their Role in Spectra and Abundances of High Redshift Galaxies
There are great changes in our understanding of massive star evolution. Although it is a known fact that the populations of massive stars (O-stars,...
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Planetary Microlensing: Present Status and Long-Term Goals
Massive gravitational microlensing programs were begun about a decade ago as a means to search for compact baryonic dark matter in the Galaxy [1],...
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Extrasolar Planets Transits: Detection and Follow-Up
The detection of transits has a rich potential of information about extrasolar planets. This contribution gives an overview and new perspectives on...
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Solar Nebulae and Replenished Dust Disks with Planets
Having studied the primordial, protoplanetary gas disks, and older, dusty “remnant” disks in infrared-emitting (Vega-type) circumstellar systems, we...
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The Darwin Space Interferometer
Darwin is a mid-IR(5-30 micron) interferometry observatory with baselines greater than 50 metres. As a long-duration general purpose observatory, ESA...
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2. Definition of Life
The definition of life is a long-standing debate with no general scientific consensus to be expected any time soon. The underlying problem is that...