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Ethical Norms for Statistical Work
Today, official statistics are regarded as an essential component of a functioning democracy in many countries. As a result, ethical issues play a...
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Principles of Protocol Development
Randomized clinical trials are essential to the advancement of clinical care by providing an unbiased estimate of the efficacy of new therapies...
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Procedural challenges: the FAIR principles and PRC electronic resources - a case study of Chinese republican newspapers
It is tempting to assume that FAIR data principles effectively apply globally. In practice, digital research platforms play a central role in...
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Emergent Guiding Principles for STEM Education
This chapter highlights a series of guiding principles that emerged from the information collected and collated following the X-FILEs Workshop. The...
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Official Statistics—A Plaything of Politics? On the Interaction of Politics, Official Statistics, and Ethical Principles
This book describes official statistics as a tool to hold up a mirror to society – but also as an instrument for those who can manipulate this...
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Institutional Review Boards and Ethics Committees
Institutional review boards (IRBs) are committees established in accordance with US federal regulations to review and monitor clinical trials and...
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Principles of Clinical Trials: Bias and Precision Control
The fundamental difference distinguishing observational studies from clinical trials is randomization. This chapter provides a practical guide to...
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Principles of Protocol Development
Randomized clinical trials are essential to the advancement of clinical care by providing an unbiased estimate of the efficacy of new therapies...
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Clinical Trials, Ethics, and Human Protections Policies
Clinical trials raise two main sets of ethical challenges. The first concerns protecting human beings when they are used in scientific experiments....
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Data Privacy and Ethics in Data Analytics
Recent innovations performed on data analytics technologies within the last two decades have steered towards a new level of data-driven...
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Develo** a sentence level fairness metric using word embeddings
Fairness is a principal social value that is observable in civilisations around the world. Yet, a fairness metric for digital texts that describe...
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Institutional Review Boards and Ethics Committees
Institutional review boards (IRBs) are committees established in accordance with US federal regulations to review and monitor clinical trials and...
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Comparison of Issues and Data Curation Strategies
This chapter synthesizes the literature reviewed in Chaps. 3 and 4, comparing key issues relating to qualitative data reuse and big social research,...
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Introduction
“Facts are stubborn, but statistics are flexible”, Mark Twain once wrote. While politicians sometimes succumb to the temptation to gloss over...
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Social and Scientific History of Randomized Controlled Trials
The practice and conceptual foundations of randomized controlled trials have been changed both by societal forces and by generations of investigators...
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Approaching Ethical Guidelines for Data Scientists
The goal of this article is to inspire data scientists to participate in the debate on the impact that their professional work has on society, and to...
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Research Methods and the Planning Process
This chapter introduces the definition of research methods, and how they relate to the urban and regional planning process. Although there are...
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Estimand in Real-World Evidence Study: From Frameworks to Application
The ICH E9(R1) addendum on estimands and sensitivity analysis describes statistical principles for defining estimands in clinical trials with a focus...
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Principles and Practice of Clinical Trials: Regulatory Requirements in Clinical Trials
Understanding the regulatory requirements for initiating and conducting clinical trials is a crucial starting point and success factor in any plan to...
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Greece’s Reckoning with an Honourable Statistician
The discussion about the professional independence of official statistics was given new impetus by the events surrounding the sovereign debt crisis...