Abstract
“Facts are stubborn, but statistics are flexible”, Mark Twain once wrote. While politicians sometimes succumb to the temptation to gloss over economic policy developments based on statistical data, it should be the task of statistics to collect, process and publish data as objectively as possible—sometimes even against immense resistance and by paying a high price. The book deals with the interplay between a world of knowledge and a world of power, between description and decision, between a “there is” and a “we must”. Statistical work, like all political action, should be based on ethical standards. This statement is certainly true in general except for times and places in which ethical norms are not observed. The first three chapters of the book focus on keywords: Power and Morality, Statistics and Policy Making, and Ethical Norms for Statistical Work. Three further chapters deal with episodes that illustrate the misuse of statistics over the last hundred years with “drastic” examples. They are entitled: Censuses in the Soviet Union and Afterwards; Population Statistics and the Final Solution under National Socialism; and Greece's Reckoning with an honourable Statistician. The following four chapters deal with current topics that pose challenges for statistics. These are the phenomena described by: Digitalisation and a Pandemic; Globalisation and Official Statistics; Ireland’s Miraculous Economic Growth; and Happiness and Happiness Researchers. Examples of the adverse effects of power-driven national policies for official statistics are described in chapter National Egoism or International Cooperation. Finally, the chapter World-view Statistics presents options how to compare and analyse income and wealth inequality, overpopulation and migration, and climate change.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Noelle-Neumann (2004), p. 459. Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann (1916–2010) is considered the Founder of Demoscopy in Germany.
- 2.
Statistics refers in this book predominantly to official statistics which is seen as an important pillar of statistics. Other pillars are academic (or university) statistics or applied statistics. See, for instance, Deutsche Statistische Gesellschaft or Österreichische Statistische Gesellschaft.
- 3.
Etymologically, the term statistics is closely linked to that (of description and administration) of the state.
- 4.
Giersch (1961).
- 5.
Schmidt-Hofner (2016).
- 6.
See Rinne (1981) and Desrosières (2001). Desrosières distinguishes three models on which associated measurement theories are based. First, the model of natural sciences, in which measurement appears as a reflection of prior and observable reality. Second, the model of life sciences, in which latent variables are added, which are intended to depict facts that are not directly observable. Third, the model of social (legal and political) sciences sees their variables as conventionally based and, therefore, open to criticism.
- 7.
Statistics as a methodology and field of application in scientific and technical areas.
- 8.
“The concept of statistics in the oldest sense of the word goes back to the eighteenth century and implies a description of the state by it and for it […]. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, in France, England and Prussia, an administrative practice crystallised around the word statistics and formalisation techniques were developed in which numbers were central.” Desrosières (2005), p. 165.
- 9.
Münkler (2020), p. 4.
- 10.
Radermacher (2020), p. v.
- 11.
Harford (2021), p. 153.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mink, R. (2022). Introduction. In: Official Statistics—A Plaything of Politics?. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04624-7_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04624-7_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-04623-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-04624-7
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)