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Potential for NPY receptor–related therapies for polycystic ovary syndrome: an updated review
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disease that can cause female infertility and bring economic burden to families and to...
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The endogenous opioid system in the medial prefrontal cortex mediates ketamine’s antidepressant-like actions
Recent studies have implicated the endogenous opioid system in the antidepressant actions of ketamine, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear....
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Role of gallic acid against hypothalamic oxidative stress and insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling in the hypothalamus is crucial for energy homeostasis; however, excessive ROS exacerbates oxidative...
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Microglia shape AgRP neuron postnatal development via regulating perineuronal net plasticity
The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in controlling metabolism and energy balance, with Agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons and...
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Predicting postoperative hypocortisolism in patients with non-aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma: a retrospective single-centre study
BackgroundLimited information exists on postoperative hypocortisolism and hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis recovery in patients with adrenal...
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Toxicological Impact of Bisphenol A on Females’ Reproductive System: Review Based on Experimental and Epidemiological Studies
The study encompassing research papers documented in the last two decades pertaining to the possible influence of bisphenol A (BPA) on the fertility...
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Brain regulates weight bearing bone through PGE2 skeletal interoception: implication of ankle osteoarthritis and pain
Bone is a mechanosensitive tissue and undergoes constant remodeling to adapt to the mechanical loading environment. However, it is unclear whether...
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Advances in clinical applications of kisspeptin-GnRH pathway in female reproduction
BackgroundKisspeptin is the leading upstream regulator of pulsatile and surge Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone secretion (GnRH) in the hypothalamus,...
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Sleep Symptoms in Migraine
Purpose of ReviewTo review replicated and highlight novel studies of sleep in children and adults with episodic and chronic migraine.
Recent Findings ...
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Hyperandrogenism induces proportional changes in the expression of Kiss-1, Tac2, and DynA in hypothalamic KNDy neurons
BackgroundKisspeptin released from Kiss-1 neurons in the hypothalamus plays an essential role in the control of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal...
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Sleep Disturbances in Autoimmune Neurological Diseases
Purpose of ReviewTo summarize the current evidence on the associations between autoimmune neurological diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, myasthenia...
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Chronic stress inhibits hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis and brown adipose tissue responses to acute cold exposure in male rats
PurposeCold exposure activates the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis, response blunted by previous acute stress or corticosterone...
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Adrenal insufficiency in liver diseases - pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms
Relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) is common in critically ill patients with cirrhosis, but it has been also documented in non-critically ill...
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Zyklusstörungen systematisch diagnostizieren: von der WHO- zur neuen FIGO-Klassifikation
Cycle abnormalities are frequent and require a systematic evaluation prior to initiation of a targeted treatment. The Fédération Internationale de...
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An ancient polymorphic regulatory region within the BDNF gene associated with obesity modulates anxiety-like behaviour in mice and humans
Obesity and anxiety are morbidities notable for their increased impact on society during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the mechanisms...
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Durst und Trinken – Physiologie und Bedeutung für die Störungen des Wasserhaushalts
Hypo- and hypernatremia are the most common electrolyte disorders in daily clinical practice. Although renal and intestinal losses of water and...
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In utero exposure to maternal diabetes or hypertension and childhood hypothalamic gliosis
Exposure to maternal diabetes (DM) or hypertension (HTN) during pregnancy impacts offspring metabolic health in childhood and beyond. Animal models...
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Combined pre-retrochiasmatic resection of third ventricle craniopharyngioma by endoscopic endonasal approach
BackgroundsThird ventricle craniopharyngioma (TVC) refers to the tumor originating from the tuberoinfundibular, and completely located in the third...
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Low-dose ACTH test for evaluation of hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis preoperatively and 3-month follow-up in non-functioning pituitary adenomas
BackgroundPeri-operative glucocorticoids are routinely administered to patients undergoing trans-sphenoidal surgery for non-functional pituitary...
