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Molecular mechanisms regulating the pharmacological actions of icariin with special focus on PI3K-AKT and Nrf-2 signaling pathways
Icariin is a primary active component of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Epimedium grandiflorum. A range of pharmacological effects of...
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Copper chelation suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibition of canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways in cancer
BackgroundMetastatic cancer cells exploit Epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) to enhance their migration, invasion, and resistance to treatments....
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Genetic dysregulation of immunologic and oncogenic signaling pathways associated with tumor-intrinsic immune resistance: a molecular basis for combination targeted therapy-immunotherapy for cancer
Since the turn of the century, advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of cancer. Although these approaches...
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The role of microRNAs in diseases and related signaling pathways
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic regulators of the gene expression and act through posttranslational modification. They bind to 3′-UTR of target...
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β-carotene inhibits MAPKs signaling pathways on rat colonic epithelial cells to attenuate TNF-α-induced intestinal inflammation and injury
This experiment successfully isolated the rat colonic epithelial cells and established a TNF-α-induced intestinal inflammation model. Western Blot...
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MT1 Receptor Signaling Pathways by Impedance Measurement
Melatonin exerts its classical effects of relay of the circadian rhythm through two G protein-coupled receptors, MT1 and MT2. The functions...
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Overview of Cell Signaling Response Under Plant Stress
Abiotic stress due to unfavorable environment and biotic stress due to pathogenic microbes causes oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules such as...
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Interactions between AT1R and GRKs: the determinants for activation of signaling pathways involved in blood pressure regulation
The success of Angiotensin II receptor blockers, specifically Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonists as antihypertensive drug emphasizes...
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Melatonin-related signaling pathways and their regulatory effects in aging organisms
Melatonin is a tryptophan-derived ancestral molecule evolved in bacteria. According to the endosymbiotic theory, eukaryotic cells received...
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Systems Pharmacology for Immunotherapy: A Network Analysis of Signaling Pathways in Multiple Sclerosis for Combination Therapy Development
Develo** combination therapies aimed to target different biological processes is a sought-after goal for treating complex diseases. However, there...
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Aging: silencing the PKA and AkT/PKB signaling pathways alters the antioxidant capacity of resveratrol
One of the theories related to aging is the increase in oxidative stress. Given this, the objective of the study is to evaluate the cellular...
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The renoprotective effects of taurine against diabetic nephropathy via the p38 MAPK and TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathways
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe diabetes complication, causes kidney morphological and structural changes due to extracellular matrix...
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Autophagy-related signaling pathways in non-small cell lung cancer
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality in both men and women across the globe. The disease has a quiet phenotype...
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MiRNAs related in signaling pathways of women’s reproductive diseases: an overview
BackgroundOne of the main health issues that can affect women's health is reproductive diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS),...
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Modeling Cellular Signaling Variability Based on Single-Cell Data: The TGFβ-SMAD Signaling Pathway
Nongenetic heterogeneity is key to cellular decisions, as even genetically identical cells respond in very different ways to the same external...
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Signaling Pathways and Genes Associated with Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Exposure to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] causes human and animal hepatotoxicity. However, it is unclear how Cr(VI) induces hepatotoxicity, nor is it...
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Retinoprotective Effect of SkQ1, Visomitin Eye Drops, Is Associated with Suppression of P38 MAPK and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways Activity
AbstractVisomitin eye drops are the first and, so far, the only drug based on SkQ1 – the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant 10-(6′-plastoquinonyl)...
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ETV2 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells through the ERK/MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways
BackgroundThe repair of cranio-maxillofacial bone defects remains a formidable clinical challenge. The Ets variant 2 (ETV2) transcription factor,...
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Baicalin can enhance odonto/osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory dental pulp stem cells by inhibiting the NF-κB and β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathways
BackgroundScutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a famous traditional Chinese medicine, which is widely used in treating fever, upper respiratory tract...
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Modulation of CREB and its associated upstream signaling pathways in pesticide-induced neurotoxicity
Human beings are exposed to various environmental xenobiotics throughout their life consisting of a broad range of physical and chemical agents that...
