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Epigenetic Regulators of Inflammatory Gene Expression
Epigenetics is defined as changes in the expression of genes whose core is confined within a non-expressed portion of DNA. All the mechanisms of...
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Sodium Glucose Transporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2Is)-TLRs Axis Modulates Diabetes
Diabetes affects millions of people worldwide and is mainly associated with impaired insulin function. To date, various oral anti-diabetic drugs have...
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TLRs in Mycobacterial Pathogenesis: Black and White or Shades of Gray
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play critical role in the innate recognition of pathogens besides orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses....
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Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in Virus-Host Interaction About Pathogenesis of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent the largest and main transcriptome products and play various roles in the biological activity of cells and...
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Serum lipidomic study of long-chain fatty acids in psoriasis patients prior to and after anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody treatment by quantitative GC‒MS analysis with in situ extraction
BackgroundLong-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are involved in regulating multiple physiological processes as signalling molecules. Gas chromatography–mass...
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Inflammation and Cancer: Role of Tight Junctions
Tight junctions are critical for the homeostatic maintenance of epithelial barrier integrity, especially in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition,...
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Intracellular TLR4 Signaling
Intracellular part of TLR4 signaling starts on the inner side of the cytoplasm and consists of two branches, namely, TLR4/TRIF/IRF3 and...
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Comprehensive insight into altered host cell-signaling cascades upon Helicobacter pylori and Epstein–Barr virus infections in cancer
Cancer is characterized by mutagenic events that lead to disrupted cell signaling and cellular functions. It is one of the leading causes of death...
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Nigella (Black Cumin, Black Seed)
Black cumin or black seed as Nigella sativa is more often called and is an important spice and medicinal plant that probably originated in the...
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MiR-539-5p inhibits the inflammatory injury in septic H9c2 cells by regulating IRAK3
BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been confirmed to play a potential role in sepsis, but little is known about their role in sepsis-induced...
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Immunopathogenesis and immunomodulatory therapy for myocarditis
Myocarditis is an inflammatory cardiac disease characterized by the destruction of myocardial cells, infiltration of interstitial inflammatory cells,...
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Colitis-associated carcinogenesis: crosstalk between tumors, immune cells and gut microbiota
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. One of the main causes of colorectal cancer is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),...
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Shrimp Immune System and Immune Responses
Shrimp, being an invertebrate, lack a vertebrate-like adaptive immune system. However, an efficient innate immune system, consisting of physical...
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Genome-wide analysis of a collective grave from Mentesh Tepe provides insight into the population structure of early neolithic population in the South Caucasus
Despite the localisation of the southern Caucasus at the outskirt of the Fertile Crescent, the Neolithisation process started there only at the...
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SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein is not pro-inflammatory in human primary macrophages: endotoxin contamination and lack of protein glycosylation as possible confounders
IntroductionThe inflammatory potential of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (Spike) has never been tested in human primary macrophages (MΦ). Different recombinant...
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Aberrant methylation of host macrophages induced by tuberculosis infection
DNA methylation has been introduced as a promising biomarker for different diseases. Alterations in macrophage DNA methylation status have been...
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Tackling cellular senescence by targeting miRNAs
Cellular senescence, which is characterized by permanent proliferation arrest, has become an important target for the amelioration of various human...
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Mykotoxine – giftige Schimmelpilze
Schimmelpilze in Haushalt und Lebensmitteln können gefährliche Giftstoffe produzieren, die für Mensch und Tier gefährlich sind. Besonders bedeutend...
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Receptor basis of biological activity of polysaccharides
Polysaccharides, the most diverse forms of organic molecules in nature, exhibit a large number of different biological activities, such as...
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Visualization of Myddosome Assembly in Live Cells
The Myddosome is an oligomeric protein complex composed of MyD88 and members of IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) family that transduce signals...