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Melanins in Vertebrates
It is known that melanin pigments composed of black to dark brown eumelanin (EM) and yellow to reddish-brown pheomelanin (PM) are widely distributed...
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Thyroid and endostyle development in cyclostomes provides new insights into the evolutionary history of vertebrates
BackgroundThe endostyle is an epithelial exocrine gland found in non-vertebrate chordates (amphioxi and tunicates) and the larvae of modern lampreys....
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Tracing Slow Phenoptosis to the Prenatal Stage in Social Vertebrates
AbstractVladimir Skulachev’s coining of the term “phenoptosis” 25 years ago (Skulachev, V. P., Biochemistry (Moscow) , 62 , 1997) highlighted the...
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Molecular Evolution of clock Genes in Vertebrates
Circadian rhythms not only influence the overall daily routine of organisms but also directly affect life activities to varying degrees. Circadian...
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A glimpse into the past: phylogenesis and protein domain analysis of the group XIV of C-type lectins in vertebrates
BackgroundThe group XIV of C-type lectin domain-containing proteins (CTLDcps) is one of the seventeen groups of CTLDcps discovered in mammals and...
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A novel serum spherical lectin from lamprey reveals a more efficient mechanism of immune initiation and regulation in jawless vertebrates
The innate immune system is the body’s first line of defense against pathogens and involves antibody and complement system-mediated antigen removal....
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Heme Oxygenase 1 in Vertebrates: Friend and Foe
HO-1 is the inducible form of the enzyme heme-oxygenase. HO-1 catalyzes heme breakdown, reducing the levels of this important oxidant molecule and...
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Genome Duplications as the Basis of Vertebrates’ Evolutionary Success
AbstractVertebrates, often considered as the most sophisticatedly organized animals, have a number of unique morphological features that ensured...
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Lamprey as Laboratory Model for Study of Molecular Bases of Ontogenesis and Evolutionary History of Vertebrata
AbstractThe basic knowledge about the development and formation of the body plan of vertebrates (Vertebrata) was obtained while working with...
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The mitoepigenome responds to stress, suggesting novel mito-nuclear interactions in vertebrates
The mitochondria are central in the cellular response to changing environmental conditions resulting from disease states, environmental exposures or...
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Diversity and community structure of wild vertebrates in the Sandwip Island of Bangladesh
Islands are one of the fragmented ecosystems that cover an extensive range of microhabitats for diverse wildlife fauna. Biodiversity of this unique...
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Humid tropical vertebrates are at lower risk of extinction and population decline in forests with higher structural integrity
Reducing deforestation underpins global biodiversity conservation efforts. However, this focus on retaining forest cover overlooks the multitude of...
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The island rule explains consistent patterns of body size evolution in terrestrial vertebrates
Island faunas can be characterized by gigantism in small animals and dwarfism in large animals, but the extent to which this so-called ‘island rule’...
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The emergence of the brain non-CpG methylation system in vertebrates
Mammalian brains feature exceptionally high levels of non-CpG DNA methylation alongside the canonical form of CpG methylation. Non-CpG methylation...
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Trophic competition in a guild of insectivorous semi-aquatic vertebrates in a Pyrenean headwater stream: diet specialisation in the endangered Galemys pyrenaicus
Conservation of vulnerable species in headwater streams requires good knowledge of their resource use and how they interact with competitors. In this...
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Genetic Model Organisms
Model organisms are non-human species used for studying biological processes in laboratories. They are selected based on advantageous properties such...
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Internal Parasites and Their Impact on the Health and Conservation of Neotropical Vertebrates
Parasites are indicators of the health of ecosystems and their hosts due to their role in ecological and evolutionary processes. Wild animals are...
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Newly Discovered AqE Gene is Highly Conserved in Non-tetrapod Vertebrates
Studying the diversity of energy production pathways is important for understanding the evolutionary relationships between metabolic pathways and...
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Hunting pressure modulates the composition and size structure of terrestrial and arboreal vertebrates in Amazonian forests
Overhunting is a leading contemporary driver of tropical forest wildlife loss. The absence or extremely low densities of large-bodied vertebrates...
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The Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Heart Pacemaker Development in Vertebrates
Abstract–A small group of specialized myocardial cells constitutes a natural dominant heart pacemaker in the so-called sinoatrial node (SAN). The SAN...
