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Gravity Field and Figure of the Earth
The shape of the Earth has always been a question of importance to humanity, with philosophical and religious aspects as well as practical ones,...
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The Earth and the Moon
The physical phenomena conditioned by the Earth–Moon interaction are discussed in this chapter. We consider the color of the Moon as it is seen from...
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The Physics of Planet Earth and Its Natural Wonders
From earthquakes to the northern lights and tsunamis to glacier movement, the author explains thousands of phenomena in the world around us. All of...
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Understanding and building upon pioneering work of Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 laureates Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann: From greenhouse effect to Earth system science and beyond
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded jointly to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, and Giorgio Parisi for their groundbreaking contributions to...
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Planet Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun in the solar system and the only one known in the Universe to host living beings. Earth appears like a blue...
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Fresh Water on the Earth
This chapter tells about freshwater on the Earth’s surface. First, we consider the formation of groundwater and the general features of hydrological...
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The insight of why: Causal inference in Earth system science
The utilization of big Earth data has provided insights into the planet we inhabit in unprecedented dimensions and scales. Unraveling the concealed...
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Big Data in Earth system science and progress towards a digital twin
The concept of a digital twin of Earth envisages the convergence of Big Earth Data with physics-based models in an interactive computational...
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Contribution of the Photonic Component to the Ionization of the Atmosphere by Earth Crust Radionuclides and Radioactive Emanations
AbstractWe investigate the contribution of gamma radiation of natural radionuclides constituting the Earth crust, radioactive emanations, and their...
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The Earth in the Solar System
We start with a discussion of the two milestones of Nature—the law of universal gravitation and Kepler’s laws, and the latter is the sequence of the...
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Fundamentals of Geophysics, the Earth in the Universe, Its Material Composition, and Its Internal Structure
This book discusses how—by analysis of the physical fields and processes within and on the Earth—we learn how old the Earth is, what are its internal...
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The Depths and the Surface of the Earth
In the third chapter, we discuss what is the equilibrium condition of the planet’s surface in its own gravitational field and find out the planet’s...
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True polar wander in the Earth system
True polar wander (TPW), or planetary reorientation, is the rotation of solid Earth (crust and mantle) about the liquid outer core in order to...
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Microtremor-based analysis of the dynamic response characteristics of a site containing grouped earth fissures
In this study, the Beibu earth fissure site in the northeastern part of Weihe Basin, which contains four nearly parallel earth fissures, was studied....
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Survival on Earth: An Introductory Chapter for the Book
In this introductory chapter, while taking into account the overall theme of the Book the scientific editor includes reflections on the matter, with...
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Unravelling the Electrical Conductivity of Earth and Planets
This review presents the progress made in the last decade in the field of large-scale electromagnetic (EM) induction with natural sources, which...
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Mechanism-learning coupling paradigms for parameter inversion and simulation in earth surface systems
Building the physics-driven mechanism model has always been the core scientific paradigm for parameter estimation in Earth surface systems, and...
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1 Entropy Production by Earth System Processes
Degradation of energy to lower temperatures and the associated production of entropy is a general direction for Earth system processes, ranging from...
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Iterative integration of deep learning in hybrid Earth surface system modelling
Earth system modelling (ESM) is essential for understanding past, present and future Earth processes. Deep learning (DL), with the data-driven...
