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Hypothalamic orexinergic neurons modulate pain and itch in an opposite way: pain relief and itch exacerbation
Pain and itch are recognized as antagonistic sensations; pain suppresses itch and inhibition of pain generates itch. There is still a lack of...
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Glutamatergic Neurons in the Zona Incerta Modulate Pain and Itch Behaviors in Mice
Emerging evidence suggest that parvalbumin neurons in zona incerta (ZI) modulate pain and itch behavior in opposite manners. However, the role of ZI...
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Toll-Like Receptors in Pain and Itch
Pattern recognition receptors (PRR) are genetically encoded proteins which recognize a host of highly conserved “danger signals” produced by...
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Scabies Itch
Itch is a predominant symptom of scabies, but its public health burden was underappreciated for a long time. The mechanism of scabies itch is not yet...
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STING controls opioid-induced itch and chronic itch via spinal tank-binding kinase 1-dependent type I interferon response in mice
BackgroundPatients receiving epidural or intrathecal opioids administration for neuraxial analgesia frequently suffer from an irritating itch. STING...
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Neuroimmune Interactions in Acute and Chronic Itch
Itch is a sensory experience of the skin that is familiar to all humans. Recent studies have established that the immune system and central and...
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Peripheral signaling pathways contributing to non-histaminergic itch in humans
BackgroundChronic itch (chronic pruritus) is a major therapeutic challenge that remains poorly understood despite the extensive recent analysis of...
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Common and discrete mechanisms underlying chronic pain and itch: peripheral and central sensitization
Normally , an obvious antagonism exists between pain and itch. In normal conditions, painful stimuli suppress itch sensation, whereas pain killers...
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The Many Challenges of Human Experimental Itch Research
Itch has long been a neglected sense within somatosensory research, and with good reason: acute itch, although relatively easy to trigger, is...
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TRPV1 in Pain and Itch
Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is a nonselective cation channel that is intensively expressed in the peripheral nerve system...
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The Anterior Insula and its Projection to the Prelimbic Cortex are Involved in the Regulation of 5-HT-Induced Itch
Itch is an unpleasant sensation that urges people and animals to scratch. Neuroimaging studies on itch have yielded extensive correlations with...
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Loosely synchronized activation of anterior cingulate cortical neurons for scratching response during histamine-induced itch
Itch is a distinctive sensation that causes a specific affection and scratching reaction. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been linked to itch...
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Chronic itch induced by thalamic deep brain stimulation: a case for a central itch centre
BackgroundCentral itch syndrome has been previously described in conditions such as stroke. The neurophysiology of central itch syndrome has been...
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An Anterior Cingulate Cortex-to-Midbrain Projection Controls Chronic Itch in Mice
Itch is an unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch. While acute itch serves as a protective system to warn the body of external...
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Itch and the Antipruritic Effect of Acupuncture
Itch is a common sensory experience that causes a desire to scratch; however, chronic itch, which is prevalent in some patients with skin disease or...
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A neuropeptide code for itch
Itch is one of the most primal sensations, being both ubiquitous and important for the well-being of animals. For more than a century, a desire to...
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Dendritic cells under allergic condition enhance the activation of pruritogen-responsive neurons via inducing itch receptors in a co-culture study
BackgroundItch sensitization has been reported in patients with chronic allergic skin diseases and observed in a mouse model of allergic contact...
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Region-specific activation in the accumbens nucleus by itch with modified scratch efficacy in mice – a model-free multivariate analysis
Itch is a protective/defensive function with divalent motivational drives. Itch itself elicits an unpleasant experience, which triggers the urge to...
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Inflammation and Pain
Inflammation is the body’s natural response to injury or the infiltration of a foreign substance. The process is defined by five cardinal signs:...