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Second messenger 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP): the cell autonomous and non-autonomous roles in cancer progression
Cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) is frequently accumulated in cancer cells due to chromosomal instability or exogenous stimulation. Cyclic...
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Cyclic GMP Signaling
Guanosine 3′5′ cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) is synthesized by soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) when vascular smooth muscle is stimulated with nitric... -
Deletion of Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Aggravates Concanavalin A-Induced Acute Hepatic Injury by Facilitating Leukocyte Chemotaxis
Growing evidence demonstrates that cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), as a cytosolic DNA sensor, is essential for activating innate immunity and...
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The role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in viral infections, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases
Pattern recognition receptors are an essential part of the immune system, which detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and...
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The regulation of cGAS-STING signaling by RNA virus-derived components
The Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) serves as a key innate immune signaling axis involved in the regulation of...
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Nitric Oxide/Cyclic GMP-Dependent Calcium Signalling Mediates IL-6- and TNF-α-Induced Expression of Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein
Astrocyte activation is characterized by hypertrophy with increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), whose expression may involve...
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Type I Interferon Signalling and Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials
Type I interferon (IFN-I) signalling is intricately involved in the pathogenesis of multiple infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and...
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GUCY2C signaling limits dopaminergic neuron vulnerability to toxic insults
Mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are central drivers of...
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The dual function of cGAS-STING signaling axis in liver diseases
Numerous liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, have...
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Bacterial origins of human cell-autonomous innate immune mechanisms
The cell-autonomous innate immune system enables animal cells to resist viral infection. This system comprises an array of sensors that, after...
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Regulating NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy for Therapeutic Intervention in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Ischemic stroke presents a global health challenge, necessitating an in-depth comprehension of its pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. While...
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Mechanism and therapeutic potential of targeting cGAS-STING signaling in neurological disorders
DNA sensing is a pivotal component of the innate immune system that is responsible for detecting mislocalized DNA and triggering downstream...
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Ubiquitin ligase enzymes and de-ubiquitinating enzymes regulate innate immunity in the TLR, NLR, RLR, and cGAS-STING pathways
Ubiquitination (or ubiquitylation) and de-ubiquitination, which are both post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, have become a research...
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Pseudorabies virus UL38 attenuates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway by recruiting Tollip to promote STING for autophagy degradation
Natural immunity is the first defense line of the host immune system, which plays a significant role in combating foreign pathogenic microorganisms....
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C-di-GMP with influenza vaccine showed enhanced and shifted immune responses in microneedle vaccination in the skin
A microneedle is a biomedical device which consists of multiple micron scale needles. It is widely used in various fields to deliver drugs and...
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Reversibility of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Markers During Long-Term Glucose Starvation in Astrocytes
Previous studies have demonstrated a brain volume decrease linked to long-term starvation in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Food intake is...
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cGAS and cancer therapy: a double-edged sword
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate adenosine synthetase (cGAS) is a DNA sensor that detects and binds to cytosolic DNA to...
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The volume-regulated anion channel LRRC8C suppresses T cell function by regulating cyclic dinucleotide transport and STING–p53 signaling
The volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) is formed by LRRC8 proteins and is responsible for the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) after hypotonic...
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Correction to: Nitric Oxide/Cyclic GMP-Dependent Calcium Signalling Mediates IL-6- and TNF-α-Induced Expression of Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein
The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in Fig. 7.
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The roles and mechanisms of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP): can it be controlled by senolysis?
Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest that can be induced by a variety of potentially oncogenic stimuli, including DNA...