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Synaptogenesis by Cholinergic Stimulation of Astrocytes
Astrocytes release numerous factors known to contribute to the process of synaptogenesis, yet knowledge about the signals that control their release...
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The brain-liver cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and viral infections
Efferent cholinergic signaling is a critical and targetable source of immunoregulation. The vagus nerve (VN) is the primary source of cholinergic...
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α4 nicotinic receptors on GABAergic neurons mediate a cholinergic analgesic circuit in the substantia nigra pars reticulata
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate pain pathways with various outcomes depending on receptor subtypes, neuron types, and locations....
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Evidence of trospium’s ability to mitigate cholinergic adverse events related to xanomeline: phase 1 study results
RationaleThe M 1 /M 4 preferring muscarinic receptor agonist xanomeline demonstrated antipsychotic and procognitive effects in patients with...
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Alpha-7 Nicotinic Receptor Agonist Protects Mice Against Pulmonary Emphysema Induced by Elastase
Pulmonary emphysema is a primary component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a life-threatening disorder characterized by lung...
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Cholinergic dysfunction in COVID-19: frantic search and ho** for the best
A novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a potential cause of acute respiratory infection...
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M1 cholinergic signaling in the brain modulates cytokine levels and splenic cell sub-phenotypes following cecal ligation and puncture
BackgroundThe contribution of the central nervous system to sepsis pathobiology is incompletely understood. In previous studies, administration of...
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Cholinergic signaling via the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor regulates the migration of monocyte-derived macrophages during acute inflammation
BackgroundThe involvement of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of inflammation is an emerging concept with significant potential for...
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ACh Transfers: Homeostatic Plasticity of Cholinergic Synapses
The field of homeostatic plasticity continues to advance rapidly, highlighting the importance of stabilizing neuronal activity within functional...
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α7 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: a key receptor in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway exerting an antidepressant effect
Depression is a common mental illness, which is related to monoamine neurotransmitters and the dysfunction of the cholinergic, immune, glutamatergic,...
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7, 8-dihydroxyflavone Ameliorates Cholinergic Dysfunction, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in a Rat Model of Vascular Dementia
Vascular dementia (VD) is a degenerative cerebrovascular disorder associated with progressive cognitive decline. Previous reports have shown that...
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Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Innervation Induces Depression-Like Behaviors Through Ventral Subiculum Hyperactivation
Malfunction of the ventral subiculum (vSub), the main subregion controlling the output connections from the hippocampus, is associated with major...
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Complexity decline of hippocampal CA1 circuit model due to cholinergic deficiency associated with Alzheimer’s disease
A hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is cholinergic system dysfunction, directly affecting the hippocampal neurons. Previous experiments have...
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Influence of age on nicotinic cholinergic regulation of blood flow in rat’s olfactory bulb and neocortex
The olfactory bulb receives cholinergic basal forebrain inputs as does the neocortex. With a focus on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs),...
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Nicotinic Receptors of the Neuronal and Non-neuronal Cholinergic Systems as Therapeutic Targets: Opportunities and Limitations
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely distributed throughtout the body. Classically, nAChRs were considered to mediate fast synaptic...
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Cholinergic signaling influences the expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors, PD-L1 and PD-L2, and tumor hallmarks in human colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines
BackgroundCancer cells express immunosuppressive molecules, such as programmed death ligands (PD-L)1 and PD-L2, enabling evasion from the host’s...
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Length Measurement of Cholinergic Innervation in the Tunica Albuginea of Rat Testis
The testicular albuginea is not a simple receptacle that contains the testis parenchyma. It is a biologically active structure involved, among other...
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α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist GTS-21 attenuates DSS-induced intestinal colitis by improving intestinal mucosal barrier function
Background and aimsCholinergic output, which could modulate innate immune responses through stimulation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...
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A review of an investigational drug retatrutide, a novel triple agonist agent for the treatment of obesity
BackgroundObesity is one of the critical public health problems in our society. It leads to various health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes...
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Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Role of Oxotremorine-M, a Non-selective Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Agonist, in a Cellular Model of Alzheimer Disease
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a multifactorial and age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder, whose pathogenesis, classically associated with the...
