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Toll-Like Receptors Methods and Protocols
This volume provides methods on the role of TLRs in immune responses and on the various approaches targeting different TLRs in cancer, autoimmunity...
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Use of Fluorescent Chemical Probes in the Study of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) Trafficking
Fluorescent chemical probes are used nowadays as a chemical resource to study the physiology and pharmacology of several important endogenous...
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Phytochemicals as Modulators of Toll-Like Receptors: An Immunopharmacological Perspective
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are molecular receptors that can “sense” potential foreign antigens to protect the host. Crosstalk between exogenous and...
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Targeting Toll-Like Receptors in Cancer Immunotherapy
Recently, novel cancer immunotherapy approaches have gained rising interest. While chronic inflammation has been defined as a major hallmark of...
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Toll-Like Receptors in Pain and Itch
Pattern recognition receptors (PRR) are genetically encoded proteins which recognize a host of highly conserved “danger signals” produced by...
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Targeting Toll-Like Receptors for the Treatment of Lung Cancer
Lung cancer (LC) remains a significant concern for the community, causing the greatest number of fatalities linked to cancer globally. Toll-like...
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Delineating the Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Toll-like receptors (TLRs)Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize altered gut microbiota triggering an immune response. These responses play a critical...
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Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) in Health and Disease: An Overview
Toll-like receptors were discovered as proteins playing a crucial role in the dorsoventral patterning during embryonic development in the Drosophila...
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Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors as Therapeutic Targets for Autoimmune Diseases
Nucleic acid (NA)-sensing Toll-like receptors (TLRs) reside in the endosomal compartment of innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic...
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HMGB1 and Toll-like receptors: potential therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases
HMGB1, a nucleoprotein, is expressed in almost all eukaryotic cells. During cell activation and cell death, HMGB1 can function as an alarm protein...
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Determining Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors Gene Expression in NK Cells After Stimulation with Specific Agonists
Poor knowledge is currently available about the biology of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in natural killer (NK) cells. This is particularly due to the...
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Toll-like Receptors in Health and Disease
The current book is focussed on the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are the first pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) discovered in humans. For...
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Toll-like receptors and their role in neuropathic pain and migraine
Migraine is a complex neurological disease of unknown etiology involving both genetic and environmental factors. It has previously been reported that...
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The role of Toll-like receptors and neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease
BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms,...
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Potential therapeutic strategies for myocardial infarction: the role of Toll-like receptors
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening condition among patients with cardiovascular diseases. MI increases the risk of stroke and heart...
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Regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways in atherosclerosis: from mechanisms to targeted therapeutics
Atherosclerosis, one of the life-threatening cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), has been demonstrated to be a chronic inflammatory disease, and...
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The Emerging Role of Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Neuroinflammatory Signals in Psychiatric Disorders and Acquired Epilepsy
The new and evolving paradigms of psychiatric disorders pathogenesis are deeply inclined toward chronic inflammation that leads to disturbances in...
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Toll-like receptor 7 and RIG-I-like receptors expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of naïve patients with hepatitis C
BackgroundThe proper function of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) as a part of the host immune system can eliminate numerous pathogens from the...
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Methods to Study TLRs in Transplantation
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key regulators of immune responses, including alloimmune responses. In this chapter, we present protocols to study...
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Ancient fish lineages illuminate toll-like receptor diversification in early vertebrate evolution
Since its initial discovery over 50 years ago, understanding the evolution of the vertebrate RAG- mediated adaptive immune response has been a major...
