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Bringing Balance: Immune Interactions Regulating Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Latency
Purpose of ReviewGammaherpesviruses constitute the chief virus family that is capable of exhibiting true latency. Latency allows the viral genome to...
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Update on the Regulation and Maintenance of Epstein-Barr Virus Latency
Purpose of ReviewAs the first identified human oncogenic virus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is widely circulating in humans. EBV presents mainly in...
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Minimum latency effects for cancer associated with exposures to radiation or other carcinogens
BackgroundIn estimating radiation-associated cancer risks a fixed period for the minimum latency is often assumed. Two empirical latency functions...
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Human cytomegalovirus microRNAs: strategies for immune evasion and viral latency
Viruses use various strategies and mechanisms to deal with cells and proteins of the immune system that form a barrier against infection. One of...
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The cell biology of HIV-1 latency and rebound
Transcriptionally latent forms of replication-competent proviruses, present primarily in a small subset of memory CD4 + T cells, pose the primary...
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A macrophage-cell model of HIV latency reveals the unusual importance of the bromodomain axis
BackgroundAlthough macrophages are now recognized as an essential part of the HIV latent reservoir, whether and how viral latency is established and...
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Intimate Relationship Between Stress and Human Alpha-Herpes Virus 1 (HSV-1) Reactivation from Latency
Purpose of ReviewNumerous studies concluded stress (acute, episodic acute, or chronic) increases the incidence of human alpha-herpes virus 1 (HSV-1)...
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MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs during transcriptional regulation and latency of HIV and HTLV
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV) have replicative and latent stages of infection. The status of the viruses...
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A replication-deficient gammaherpesvirus vaccine protects mice from lytic disease and reduces latency establishment
Gammaherpesviruses are oncogenic viruses that establish lifelong infections and are significant causes of morbidity and mortality. Vaccine strategies...
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Sleep features of nocturnal enuresis: relationship between rapid eye movement sleep latency prolongation and nocturnal enuresis
Nocturnal enuresis, or bed wetting, is the involuntary urination during sleep. One of its causes is difficulty awakening during sleep, suggesting a...
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Molecular Mechanisms of HIV-1 Latency from a Chromatin and Epigenetic Perspective
Purpose of ReviewThe main obstacle to an HIV-1 cure is the reservoir of HIV-1 infected cells. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) eliminates the HIV-1...
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Innate immune regulation in HIV latency models
BackgroundInnate immunity and type 1 interferon (IFN) defenses are critical for early control of HIV infection within CD4 + T cells. Despite these...
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Covariation of the amplitude and latency of motor evoked potentials elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation in a resting hand muscle
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used to study human neurophysiology. A single TMS pulse...
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Aging and sex are associated with multiple sleep latency test findings and their relationship with self-reported sleepiness
The aim of this study was to assess age- and sex-related differences in multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) results and in the performance of the...
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Characteristics and mechanisms of latency-reversing agents in the activation of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 reservoir
The "Shock and Kill" method is being considered as a potential treatment for eradicating HIV-1 and achieving a functional cure for acquired...
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Children’s inhibition skills are associated with their P3a latency—results from an exploratory study
BackgroundThe P3a response is thought to reflect involuntary orienting to an unexpected stimulus and has been connected with set-shifting and...
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Modeling and Remodeling the Cell: How Digital Twins and HCMV Can Elucidate the Complex Interactions of Viral Latency, Epigenetic Regulation, and Immune Responses
Purpose of ReviewHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV), while asymptomatic in most, causes significant complications during fetal development, following...
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Influence of Binaural and Monaural Beat in the Structure of a Monotonic Sound Stimulus on Sleep Latency
Objectives . To test the hypothesis that sleep latency (SL) does not depend on the nature (monaural (MB) or binaural (BB)) of the low-frequency beats...
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Opposing roles of CLK SR kinases in controlling HIV-1 gene expression and latency
BackgroundThe generation of over 69 spliced HIV-1 mRNAs from one primary transcript by alternative RNA splicing emphasizes the central role that RNA...
