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Virtual reality as a countermeasure for astronaut motion sickness during simulated post-flight water landings
Entry motion sickness (EMS) affects crewmembers upon return to Earth following extended adaptation to microgravity. Anticholinergic pharmaceuticals...
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Nonhuman Primate Models for Nipah and Hendra Virus Countermeasure Evaluation
Hendra and Nipah viruses are henipaviruses that have caused lethal human disease in Australia and Malaysia, Bangladesh, India, and the Philippines,...
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Systemic Bioavailability of Sublingual Atropine Ophthalmic Solution: a Phase I Study in Healthy Volunteers with Implications for Use as a Contingency Medical Countermeasure
IntroductionAtropine sulfate is an FDA-approved medical countermeasure (MCM) for the treatment of organophosphorus nerve agent and organophosphate...
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DMAG, a novel countermeasure for the treatment of thrombocytopenia
BackgroundThrombocytopenia is one of the most common hematological disease that can be life-threatening caused by bleeding complications. However,...
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Analysis of changes in cardiac circadian rhythms of RR and QT induced by a 60-day head-down bed rest with and without nutritional countermeasure
PurposeProlonged weightlessness exposure generates cardiovascular deconditioning, with potential implications on ECG circadian rhythms. Head-down...
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Intermittent compression of the calf muscle as a countermeasure to protect blood pressure and brain blood flow in upright posture in older adults
PurposeOrthostatic hypotension, leading to cerebral hypoperfusion, can result in postural instability and falls in older adults. We determined the...
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Hydrogen Sulfide Toxicity: Mechanism of Action, Clinical Presentation, and Countermeasure Development
IntroductionHydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is found in various settings. Reports of chemical suicide, where individuals have combined readily available...
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Effects of exercise countermeasure on myocardial contractility measured by 4D speckle tracking during a 21-day head-down bed rest
ObjectiveTo evaluate functional myocardial contractility after 21 days of head-down bed rest (HDBR) in sedentary control (CON) or with a resistive...
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Assessing countermeasures during a hepatitis A virus outbreak among men who have sex with men
BackgroundA hepatitis A epidemic occurred among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Japan in 2017–2018. In this study, we employ a parsimonious...
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Zinc as a countermeasure for cadmium toxicity
Cadmium (Cd) is an important environmental pollutant and long-term Cd exposure is closely related to autoimmune diseases, cancer, cardiovascular...
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Is new dengue vaccine efficacy data a relief or cause for concern?
Dengue is a major global public health problem requiring a safe and efficacious vaccine as the foundation of a comprehensive countermeasure strategy....
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Recovery During Exercise Heat Acclimation: Will Post-Exercise Cooling Enhance or Interfere with Adaptation?
Heat acclimation (HA) is regarded as the most important countermeasure to protect athlete health and performance when exercising in hot ambient...
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Functional and Neuromuscular Aspects of Spaceflight
The extreme environment of reduced gravity and radiation exposure are among the main reasons for scientists’ concern for the harmful consequences to...
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Time-series analysis of heart rate and blood pressure in response to changes in work rate before and after 60 days of 6° head down tilt bed rest
PurposeCardiovascular regulation during exercise, described using time series analysis, is expected to be attenuated after bed rest (BR) and this...
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Chewing gum reduces visually induced motion sickness
Visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) is a common side-effect of exposure to virtual reality (VR). Its unpleasant symptoms may limit the acceptance...
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Efficacy of oral administration of sodium thiosulfate in a large, swine model of oral cyanide toxicity
IntroductionCyanide is a deadly poison, particularly with oral exposure where larger doses can occur before symptoms develop. Prior studies and...
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The impact of leg position on muscle blood flow and oxygenation during low-intensity rhythmic plantarflexion exercise
PurposeResistance training (RT) is an effective countermeasure to combat physical deconditioning whereby localized hypoxia within the limb increases...
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Screening for prostate cancer in a city in Japan: age-specific prostate-specific antigen cutoff thresholds
PurposeOlder men have higher prostate-specific antigen levels than younger men. However, the current Japanese Urological Association guidelines...
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Maximal strength training in patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease: implications for physical function and quality of life
PurposePatients with inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD) have attenuated muscle strength in the lower extremities, resulting in impaired physical...
