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Connexins Biology in the Pathophysiology of Retinal Diseases
Connexins (Cx) are a family of transmembrane proteins that form gap junction intercellular channels that connect neighboring cells. These channels...
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The mutual interplay of redox signaling and connexins
Connexins (Cxs) are ubiquitous transmembrane proteins that possess both channel function (e.g., formations of gap junction and hemichannel) and...
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N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Subunits 2A and 2B Mediate Connexins and Pannexins in the Trigeminal Ganglion Involved in Orofacial Inflammatory Allodynia during Temporomandibular Joint Inflammation
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a severe form of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), and orofacial inflammatory allodynia is...
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Connexins may play a critical role in cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic progressive disease characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodeling. It causes a gradual increase...
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Intercellular Communication in Cancer
Junctional complexes play a central role in maintaining tissue hemostasis. The barrier function of epithelial cells, that maintain tissues coherence...
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Connexin-Containing Vesicles for Drug Delivery
Connexin is a transmembrane protein present on the cell membrane of most cell types. Connexins assemble into a hexameric hemichannel known as...
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Altered neural cell junctions and ion-channels leading to disrupted neuron communication in Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that affects the movement of the human body. It is primarily characterized by reduced dopamine...
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PUFAs supplementation affects the renal expression of pannexin 1 and connexins in diabetic kidney of rats
In diabetic nephropathy (DN), intercellular communication is disrupted. Connexins (Cx) have a crucial role in that process. Dietary ratios and...
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ATP transporters in the joints
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) plays a central role in a wide variety of joint diseases. ATP is generated intracellularly, and the...
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Purinergic Signaling in Neurogenesis and Neural Fate Determination: Current Knowledge and Future Challenges
Neurogenesis is responsible for the generation of the neuronal network during the development of the central nervous system and remains active with...
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Gap Junctions and Cardiac Impulse Propagation. New Aspects of Arrhythmogenesis and Antiarrhythmic Agents Targeting Gap Junctions
A basic phenomenon of the heart is its regular beating and a directed propagation of the electrical impulse which, during the plateau phase of the...
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Connexin mRNA distribution in adult mouse kidneys
Kidneys are thought to express eight different connexin isoforms (i.e., Cx 26, 30, 32, 37, 40, 43, 45, and 46), which form either hemichannels or gap...
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Connexin 43 regulates astrocyte dysfunction and cognitive deficits in early life stress-treated mice
Early life stress such as maternal separation (MS), is a major risk factor for develo** psychiatric disorders in adulthood. Connexin 43 (CX43), the...
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Emerging roles of gap junction proteins connexins in cancer metastasis, chemoresistance and clinical application
Connexin, a four-pass transmembrane protein, contributes to assembly of gap junctions among neighboring cells and thus facilitates gap junctional...
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Therapeutic strategies targeting connexins
The connexin family of channel-forming proteins is present in every tissue type in the human anatomy. Connexins are best known for forming clustered...
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Gap Junctions and Electric Synapses
Signal transmission between neurons is mediated in multiple distinct ways. In the adult brain, transmission via neurotransmitters (chemical synapsis)...
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Metabolic Transporters in the Peripheral Nerve—What, Where, and Why?
Cellular metabolism is critical not only for cell survival, but also for cell fate, function, and intercellular communication. There are several...
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Role of Connexins and Pannexins in Bone and Muscle Mass and Function
The fundamental role of connexins and pannexins in the development, maintenance and regeneration of both bone and muscle has been demonstrated over...