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Estrogen-immuno-neuromodulation disorders in menopausal depression
A significant decrease in estrogen levels puts menopausal women at high risk for major depression, which remains difficult to cure despite its...
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Estrogen signaling via estrogen receptor alpha and its implications for neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer’s disease in aging women
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a transcription factor activated by estrogenic hormones to regulate gene expression in certain organs, including the...
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The Possible Role of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by repeated seizures. Despite of that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is implicated in...
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The Triad of Estrogen, Estrogen Receptors, and Colon Cancer
Colon cancer is one of the common malignancies in the developed world irrespective of the sexes. The incidence of colon cancer is increasing leaps...
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Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Anxiety or Depression After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Anxiety or depression after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the key clinical problems in cardiology that need to be solved...
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Selective Activation of G Protein–Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 (GPER1) Reduces ER Stress and Pyroptosis via AMPK Signaling Pathway in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Neuroinflammation is a critical pathogenic event following hemorrhagic stroke. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–induced apoptosis and...
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Molecular Mechanisms of Exercise in Brain Disorders: a Focus on the Function of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor–a Narrative Review
The natural aging process as well as many age-related diseases is associated with impaired metabolic adaptation and declined ability to cope with...
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The Interaction Between NF-κB and Estrogen in Alzheimer’s Disease
Post-menopausal women are at a higher risk of develo** Alzheimer’s disease (AD) than males. The higher rates of AD in women are associated with the...
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Nuclear receptor ligand screening in an iPSC-derived in vitro blood–brain barrier model identifies new contributors to leptin transport
BackgroundThe hormone leptin exerts its function in the brain to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure to prevent obesity. However, most...
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Alzheimer’s disease and its pharmaceutical potential
Synaptic abnormalities are a cardinal feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that are known to arise as the disease progresses. A growing body of...
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Role of KCC2 in the Regulation of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor on Ethanol Consumption in Rats
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a common and complex disorder resulting from repetitive alcohol drinking. The mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system,...
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Sex differences of signal complexity at resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and their associations with the estrogen-signaling pathway in the brain
Sex differences in the brain have been widely reported and may hold the key to elucidating sex differences in many medical conditions and drug...
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Redox Regulation of Estrogen Signaling in Human Breast Cancer
Estrogen and oxidative stress are interconnected in a very delicate fashion, leading to redox regulation of estrogen and its regulatory molecules. On...
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Sex and the Estrous-Cycle Phase Influence the Expression of G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 (GPER) in Schizophrenia: Translational Evidence for a New Target
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder with sex bias in disease onset and symptom severity. Recently, it was observed that females present more severe...
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Involvement of the G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor-1 (GPER) Signaling Pathway in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Review
The G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 (GPER) is an extranuclear estrogen receptor that regulates the expression of several downstream signaling...
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Estrogen Neuroprotective Activity After Stroke and Spinal Cord Injury
Morphological studies have revealed that in mammals the brain is a sexually dimorphic organ and estrogenEstrogen are responsible for brain...
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Nanomedicine in therapeutic warfront against estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide. Almost 70–80% of cases of BC are curable at the early...
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Cannabinoids in traumatic brain injury and related neuropathologies: preclinical and clinical research on endogenous, plant-derived, and synthetic compounds
Traumatic brain injury is common, and often results in debilitating consequences. Even mild traumatic brain injury leaves approximately 20% of...
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Tamoxifen suppresses brain metastasis of estrogen receptor-deficient breast cancer by skewing microglia polarization and enhancing their immune functions
BackgroundBrain metastasis of breast cancer exhibits exceedingly poor prognosis, and both triple negative (TN) and Her2 + subtypes have the highest...
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Estrogen/HER2 receptor crosstalk in breast cancer: combination therapies to improve outcomes for patients with hormone receptor-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in 13–22% of breast cancers (BC). Approximately 60–70% of HER2+ BC co-express...
