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Kynurenic acid blunts A1 astrocyte activation against neurodegeneration in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Despite extensive astrocyte activation in patients suffering from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), little is known about the...
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Atractylenolide I Suppresses A1 Astrocyte Activation to Improve Depression in Mice
This work aimed to investigate the role of atractylenolide I (ATR) in resisting depression and its mechanism of action. The mouse model of depression...
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M2 Microglia-derived Exosomes Promote Spinal Cord Injury Recovery in Mice by Alleviating A1 Astrocyte Activation
M2 microglia transplantation has previously demonstrated beneficial effects on spinal cord injury (SCI) by regulating neuroinflammation and enhancing...
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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Dynamic Microglial-Induced A1 Astrocyte Reactivity via C3/C3aR/NF-κB Signaling After Ischemic Stroke
Microglia and astrocytes are key players in neuroinflammation and ischemic stroke. A1 astrocytes are a subtype of astrocytes that are extremely...
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The effect of A1 and A2 reactive astrocyte expression on hydrocephalus shunt failure
BackgroundThe composition of tissue obstructing neuroprosthetic devices is largely composed of inflammatory cells with a significant astrocyte...
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Bilirubin Induces A1-Like Reactivity of Astrocyte
Astrocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of bilirubin neurotoxicity, and activated astrocytes might be potential mediators of...
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Blocking Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channel TREK-1 Inhibits the Activation of A1-Like Reactive Astrocyte Through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Major Depressive Disorder
Major depressive disorder (MDD) refers to a widespread psychiatric disorder. Astrocytes play a pivotal role in regulating inflammation which is a...
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Fluoxetine inhibited the activation of A1 reactive astrocyte in a mouse model of major depressive disorder through astrocytic 5-HT2BR/β-arrestin2 pathway
BackgroundFluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has been reported to directly bind with 5-HT 2B receptor (5-HT 2B R), but the precise...
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Astrocyte-Specific Inhibition of the Primary Cilium Suppresses C3 Expression in Reactive Astrocyte
C3-positive reactive astrocytes play a neurotoxic role in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms controlling C3-positive...
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Remodeling of astrocyte secretome in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: uncovering novel targets to combat astrocyte-mediated toxicity
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset paralytic disease characterized by progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in...
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The critical role of KLF4 in regulating the activation of A1/A2 reactive astrocytes following ischemic stroke
BackgroundWe have previously demonstrated that the expression of kruppel-like transcription factor-4 (KLF-4) is upregulated in astrocytes following...
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The Long Non-coding RNA NEAT1/miR-224-5p/IL-33 Axis Modulates Macrophage M2a Polarization and A1 Astrocyte Activation
To identify potential regulators and investigate the molecular mechanism of macrophage polarization affecting astrocyte activation from the...
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NLRP3 inflammasome regulates astrocyte transformation in brain injury induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia
BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is mainly characterized by sleep fragmentation and chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), the latter one being...
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Transformation of A1/A2 Astrocytes Participates in Brain Ischemic Tolerance Induced by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning via Inhibiting NDRG2
Cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP) has been shown to improve brain ischemic tolerance against subsequent lethal ischemia. Reactive astrocytes...
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An Increase in Peroxiredoxin 6 Expression Induces Neurotoxic A1 Astrocytes in the Lumbar Spinal Cord of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mice Model
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease with selective degeneration of motor neurons. It has been reported that an...
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Effect of rottlerin on astrocyte phenotype polarization after trimethyltin insult in the dentate gyrus of mice
BackgroundIt has been demonstrated that reactive astrocytes can be polarized into pro-inflammatory A1 phenotype or anti-inflammatory A2 phenotype...
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Hyperglycemia enhances brain susceptibility to lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation via astrocyte reprogramming
Hyperglycemia has been shown to modulate the immune response of peripheral immune cells and organs, but the impact of hyperglycemia on...
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Inhibition of A1 Astrocytes and Activation of A2 Astrocytes for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious injury to the central nervous system that causes significant physical and psychological trauma to the patient....
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Amelioration of Astrocyte-Mediated Neuroinflammation by EI-16004 Confers Neuroprotection in an MPTP-induced Parkinson’s Disease Model
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in motor impairment due to dopaminergic neuronal loss. The pathology of PD is...
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Disease-Associated Neurotoxic Astrocyte Markers in Alzheimer Disease Based on Integrative Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing
Alzheimer disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease, and astrocytes play a key role in its onset and progression. The aim of this...
